Sunan ad-Darimi, Book of Wills/Testaments

Muḥammad b. ʿUbayd > ʿUbaydullāh > Nāfiʿ > Ibn ʿUmar

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is the duty of a Muslim man who has something which is to be given as bequest not to have it for two nights without having his will written regarding it. – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ وَلَهُ شَيْءٌ يُوصِي فِيهِ إِلَّا وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ» – إسناده صحيح

ʿAffān > Abū al-Ashhab > al-Ḥasan

"The believer does not eat until his stomach is completely full, and his conscience remains under his control." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَشْهَبِ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ قَالَ

«الْمُؤْمِنُ لَا يَأْكُلُ فِي كُلِّ بطنه وَلَا تَزَالُ وَصِيَّتُهُ تَحْتَ جَنْبِهِ» – إسناده صحيح

Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Salamah > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > al-Qāsim b. ʿUmar > Lī Thumāmah b. Ḥazn Mā Faʿal Abūk > Māt

It is said that when a person advises, his advice is complete for what he has lost from his charity. Abu Muhammad said, and others said, Qasim ibn Amr said. – Fair Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ لِي ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ حَزْنٍ «مَا فَعَلَ أَبُوكَ؟» قُلْتُ مَاتَ قَالَ فَهَلْ أَوْصَى؟ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ

يُقَالُ إِذَا أَوْصَى الرَّجُلُ كَانتَ وَصِيَّتُهُ تَمَامًا لِمَا ضَيَّعَ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو – إسناده جيد

Abū al-Nuʿmān > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > al-Shaʿbī

It is said that whoever gives a will (testament) but does not act upon it or fulfill it, will receive reward like if they had donated it during their lifetime. – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ كَانَ

يُقَالُ مَنْ أَوْصَى بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَلَمْ يَجُرْ وَلَمْ يَحِفْ كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ مَا إنْ لَوْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ – إسناده صحيح

Sahl b. Ḥammād > Shuʿbah > Abū Yūnus > Abū Qazaʿah > Qīl Liharim b. Ḥayyān Awṣinā > Ūṣīkum Bi-al-Āyāt al-Awākhir from Sūrah al-Naḥl And Qaraʾ Ibn Ḥayyān Ādʿ > Sabīl Rabbik Bi-al-Ḥikmah Wa-al-Mawʿiẓah al-Ḥasanah Wajādilhum Bi-al--Atī Hī Aḥsan In Rabbak > Aʿlam Biman Ḍal > Sabīlih Wahū Aʿlam Bi-al-Muhtadīn

"According to his way, he is the best guide for those who seek guidance. And if you retaliate, retaliate with an equivalent of what you were harmed with. But if you are patient, it is better for those who are patient. And be patient, and your patience is not except through Allah. And do not grieve over them and do not be in distress from what they conspire. Indeed, Allah is with those who fear Him and those who are doers of good."

أَخْبَرَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي قَزَعَةَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِهَرِمِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ أَوْصِنا قَالَ «أُوصِيكُمْ بِالْآيَاتِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ سُورَةِ النَّحْلِ» وَقَرَأَ ابْنُ حَيَّانَ {ادْعُ إِلَى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَجَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ ضَلَّ

عَن سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِّلصَّابِرينَ وَاصْبِرْ وَمَا صَبْرُكَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا تَكُ فِي ضَيْقٍ مِّمَّا يَمْكُرُونَ إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَالَّذِينَ هُم مُّحْسِنُونَ}

Muḥammad b. Yūsuf > Mālik b. Mighwal > Ṭalḥah b. Muṣarrif al-Yāmī

“I said to Abdullah bin Abu Awfa: 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make a will concerning anything?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'How come he told the Muslims to make wills?' He said: 'He enjoined (them to adhere to) the book of Allah (SWT).” Malik said: “Talhah bin Musarrif said: 'Huzail bin Shurahbil said: “Abu Bakr was granted leadership according to the will of Messenger of Allah ﷺ?” (Rather) Abu Bakr wished that the found a covenant (in that regard) from Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he could fetter his nose with a (camel's) nose ring.” – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ مِغْوَلٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ الْيَامِيِّ قَالَ

سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى أَوْصَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ كُتِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْوَصِيَّةُ أو أُمِرُوا بِالْوَصِيَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ «أَوْصَى بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ﷻ» وقَالَ هُزَيْلُ بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ «أَبُو بَكْرٍ كَانَ يَتَأَمَّرُ عَلَى وَصِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ وَدَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ وَجَدَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا فَخَزَمَ أَنْفَهُ بِخِزَامَةٍ ذَلِكَ» – إسناده صحيح

Yazīd > Hammām

"About Qatadah, it is written that when death approaches you, it is obligatory upon the God-conscious individuals to leave a will for their parents and close relatives, according to the custom of good deeds. This is a right upon the righteous individuals." [Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 180]. The phrase "Al-khayr (the good) referred to wealth of one thousand or more (dirhams) and beyond." – Sound Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ أَنْبَأَنَا هَمَّامٌ

عَنْ قَتَادَةَ {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِن تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة 180] قَالَ الْخَيْرُ الْمَالُ كَانَ يُقَالُ أَلْفًا فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ – إسناده صحيح

Yazīd b. Hārūn > Ibn ʿAwn > Muḥammad b. Sīrīn > Awṣá Dhikr Mā Awṣá Bih or Hadhā Dhikr Mā Awṣá Bih Muḥammad b. Abū ʿAmrah Banīh And ʾAhl Baytih

"And fear Allah and reconcile the differences between yourselves and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you are believers." And He commanded them with what He commanded His sons Ibrahim and Ya'qub: "O my sons, indeed Allah has chosen for you the religion, so do not die except while you are Muslims." [Al-Baqarah 132] And He advised them not to desire to be allies of the Ansar and their brothers in faith, and that chastity and truthfulness are better and more cautious than adultery and lying, if it happens in my illness before I change my will. Then he mentioned his need. – Sound Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ أَنَّهُ أَوْصَى ذِكْرُ مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ أَوْ هَذَا ذِكْرُ مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ بَنِيهِ وَأَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ

أَنْ {اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} وَأَوْصَاهُمْ بِمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ {يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [البقرة 132] وَأَوْصَاهُمْ أَنْ لَا يَرْغَبُوا أَنْ يَكُونُوا مَوَالِيَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَإِخْوَانَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَأَنَّ الْعِفَّةَ وَالصِّدْقَ خَيْرٌ وَأَتْقَى مِنَ الزِّنَا وَالْكَذِبِ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ فِي مَرَضِي هَذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أُغَيِّرَ وَصِيَّتِي هَذِهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ حَاجَتَهُ – إسناده صحيح

Aḥmad b. ʿAbdullāh > Abū Bakr > Hishām b. Ḥassān > Ibn Sīrīn > Anas > Hakadhā Kānūā Yūṣūn Hadhā Mā Awṣá Bih Fulān b. Fulān > Yashhad > Lā Ilah Illā Allāh And Ḥdah Lā Sharīk Lah > Muḥammad ʿAbduh Warasūluh > al-Sāʿah Ātiyah Lā Rayb Fīhā

"There is no god but Allah, alone without partner, and Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. And that the Hour is coming without a doubt, and that Allah will raise those who are in the graves, and He commanded those who are left behind from their families to be mindful of Allah and to reconcile between themselves, and to obey Allah and His Messenger if they are believers. And He commanded them with what He commanded his offspring, Ibrahim and Ya'qub, 'O my sons! Indeed, Allah has chosen for you the religion, so do not die except while you are Muslims.' And He commanded if something happens to him from his suffering, the need he has such and such." – Good Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ هَكَذَا كَانُوا يُوصُونَ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ أَنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ

أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَأَوْصَى مَنْ تَرَكَ بَعْدَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ أَنْ يَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَيُصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِهِمْ وَأَنْ يُطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنْ كَانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَوْصَاهُمْ بِمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ {يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [البقرة 132] وَأَوْصَى إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ مِنْ وَجَعِهِ هَذَا أَنَّ حَاجَتَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا – إسناده حسن

al-Ḥakam b. al-Mubārak > al-Walīd > Ḥafṣ b. Ghaylān > Makḥūl Ḥīn Awṣá > Tashahhud Hadhā Mā Shahid Bih Nashhad > Lā Ilah Illā Allāh And Ḥdah Lā Sharīk Lah

We bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. He believes in Allah and disbelieves in all false deities. By Allah's will, he will live, die, and be resurrected. He advises regarding what Allah has provided and what he has left behind. If something happens to him, it is as described. If nothing changes from what is stated in this will.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أَخْبَرَنَا الْوَلِيدُ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غَيْلَانَ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ حِينَ أَوْصَى قَالَ

تَشَهُّدُ هَذَا مَا شَهِدَ بِهِ نَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيَكْفُرُ بِالطَّاغُوتِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ يَحْيَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَيَمُوتُ وَيُبْعَثُ وَأَوْصَى فِيمَا رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ فِيمَا تَرَكَ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ وَهُوَ كَذَا وَكَذَا إِنْ لَمْ يُغَيِّرْ شَيْئًا مِمَّا فِي هَذِهِ الْوَصِيَّةِ

al-Ḥakam > al-Walīd > Ibn Thawbān from his father > Makḥūl

"This is the will of my father Al-Darda." – Good Chain

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ قَالَ

«هَذِهِ وَصِيَّةُ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ» – إسناده حسن

Jaʿfar b. ʿAwn > Abū Ḥayyān al-Taymī from his father > Katab al-Rabīʿ b. Khuthaym And Ṣiyyatah Bism Allāh al-Raḥman al-Raḥīm Hadhā Mā Awṣá Bih al-Rabīʿ b. Khuthaym Waʾashhad Allāh ʿAlayh Wakafá Bi-al-Lah Shahīd Wajāzī Liʿibādih al-Ṣāliḥīn Wamuthīb Faʾinnī Raḍīt Bi-al-Lah Rab Wabiālʾislām Dīn Wabimuḥammad ﷺ Nabī Waʾinnī Āmur Nafsī Waman Aṭāʿanī

"The following is the testament of Rabee' bin Khuthaym, in the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. This is what Rabee' bin Khuthaym has advised, and I bear witness to Allah, who suffices as a witness and rewarder for His righteous servants. Verily, I am pleased with Allah as my Lord, Islam as my religion, and Muhammad ﷺ as a prophet. Indeed, I command myself and those who obey me to worship Allah among the worshippers, to praise Him among those who praise Him, and to sincerely advise the Muslim community." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَيَّانَ التَّيْمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

كَتَبَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ خُثَيْمٍ وَصِيَّتَهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ خُثَيْمٍ وَأَشْهَدَ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا وَجَازِيًا لِعِبَادِهِ الصَّالِحِينَ وَمُثِيبًا فَإِنِّي رَضِيتُ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ نَبِيًّا وَإِنِّي آمُرُ نَفْسِي وَمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ فِي الْعَابِدِينَ وَنَحْمَدَهُ فِي الْحَامِدِينَ وَأَنْ نَنْصَحَ لِجَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ – إسناده صحيح

Abū al-Nuʿmān > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Hishām from his father

Ali entered the room of a patient and they mentioned the will to him. Ali said, "Allah said, 'If you leave something good' (Al-Baqarah 2:180), and I do not consider that he left something good." Hammad said, "So I memorized that he left more than seven hundred things." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّ عَلِيًّا دَخَلَ عَلَى مَرِيضٍ فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ الْوَصِيَّةَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ قَالَ اللَّهُ {إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا} [البقرة 180] وَلَا أُرَاهُ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا قَالَ حَمَّادٌ «فَحَفِظْتُ أَنَّهُ تَرَكَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَبْعِ مِائَةٍ» – إسناده صحيح

Muḥammad b. Kunāsah > Hishām from his father

"If you do not leave wealth, leave it for your children." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كُنَاسَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ دَخَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ يَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ أُوصِي؟ قَالَ

«لَا لَمْ تَدَعْ مَالًا فَدَعْ مَالَكَ لِوَلَدِكَ» – إسناده صحيح

Abū Zayd > Shuʿbah > Manṣūr

About Ibrahim, there was a man who made a will, and the heirs were witnesses, so he said, "It is not permissible." Abu Muhammad said, meaning if they deny afterwards. – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى وَالْوَرَثَةُ شُهُودٌ مُقِرُّونَ فَقَالَ «لَا يَجُوزُ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي إِذَا أَنْكَرُوا بَعْدُ – إسناده صحيح

Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Shuʿbah > Saʾalt al-Ḥakam And Ḥammād > al-Awliyāʾ Yujīzūn al-Waṣiyyah Faʾidhā Māt Lam Yujīzūā

Regarding the guardians, they allow the will, but when he dies, they do not allow it? They said, "It is not permissible." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْحَكَمَ وَحَمَّادًا

عَنْ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ يُجِيزُونَ الْوَصِيَّةَ فَإِذَا مَاتَ لَمْ يُجِيزُوا؟ قَالَا «لَا يَجُوزُ» – إسناده صحيح

Yazīd b. Hārūn > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > ʿĀmir

"Concerning a shurayh (a stipulation) in a man's will that recommends more than two-thirds of his wealth, he said: If the heirs approve it, we will grant it. And if the heirs reject it, we still have the choice when they remove their hands from the grave." – Sound Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ عَامِرٍ

عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ قَالَ إِنْ أَجَازَتْهُ الْوَرَثَةُ أَجَزْنَاهُ وَإِنْ قَالَتِ الْوَرَثَةُ أَجَزْنَاهُ فَهُمْ بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا نَفَضُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ – إسناده صحيح

Abū Nuʿaym > al-Masʿūdī > Abū ʿAwn > al-Qāsim > a man Āstaʾdhan And Rathatah

"To appoint more than one third (of the wealth) as an inheritance, so they agreed with him (authorizer) and then they went back on it after he died. Abdullah was asked about that, and he said, 'This revocation is not permissible.'" – Weak Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَوْنٍ عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا اسْتَأْذَنَ وَرَثَتَهُ

أَنْ يُوصِيَ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ فَأَذِنُوا لَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فِيهِ بَعْدَ مَا مَاتَ فَسُئِلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «هَذَا التَّكَرُّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ» – إسناده ضعيف

Abū al-Nuʿmān > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Hishām

Concerning the man the will is advised to allocate more than one-third, will the heirs be satisfied? He said, "It is permissible." Abu Muhammad said, "We permitted it during his lifetime." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ

عَنْ الْحَسَنِ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ فَرَضِيَ الْوَرَثَةُ؟ قَالَ «هُوَ جَائِزٌ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد أَجَزْنَاهُ يَعْنِي فِي الْحَيَاةِ – إسناده صحيح

Abū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī > Hammām > Qatādah > Yūnus b. Jubayr > Muḥammad b. Saʿd from his father

Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ visited him while he was in Makkah and he had only one daughter. So, I said to him, "I only have one daughter, should I bequeath all of my wealth?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No." I asked, "Should I bequeath half of it?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No." I asked, "Should I bequeath one-third of it?" He replied, "Yes." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَأُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَأُوصِي بِالنِّصْفِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا» قَالَ فَأُوصِي بِالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ» – إسناده صحيح

Yazīd b. Hārūn > Muḥammad b. Isḥāq > al-Zuhrī > ʿĀmir b. Saʿd from his father

"I complained to the Prophet ﷺ during the Farewell Pilgrimage, until at one point he came to visit me. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I only see myself suffering and I possess a lot of wealth, and my daughter will inherit from me. Should I give all my wealth in charity?' He said, 'No.' I said, 'Then half of it?' He replied, 'No.' I asked, 'Then a third?' He said, 'A third and even a third is a lot. Indeed, if you leave your inheritors wealthy, it is better than leaving them destitute, begging people with their hands. And every expenditure you make, Allah will reward you for it, even the morsel you put in your wife's mouth.'" – Weak Chain

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

اشْتَكَيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى إِذَا أُدْنِفْتُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَعُودُنِي فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أُرَانِي إِلَّا أُلِمَّ بِي وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ كَثِيرٍ وَإِنَّمَا يَرِثُنِي ابْنَةٌ لِي أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَنِصْفِهِ قَالَ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ «الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَتْرُكْ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ فُقَرَاءَ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَإِنَّكَ لَا تُنْفِقُ نَفَقَةً إِلَّا آجَرَكَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ» – إسناده ضعيف

Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Isḥāq b. Sūwayd > al-ʿAlāʾ b. Ziyād > Abāh Ziyād b. Maṭar Awṣá

"My will is what the scholars of Basra agreed upon." So, I asked and they agreed on one/fifth. – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَطَرٍ أَوْصَى فَقَالَ

«وَصِيَّتِي مَا اتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ فُقَهَاءُ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ» فَسَأَلْتُ فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى الْخُمُسِ – إسناده صحيح

Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Isḥāq b. Sūwayd > al-ʿAlāʾ b. Ziyād > a man Saʾal ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb > In Wārithī Kalālah Faʾūṣī Bi-al-Nniṣf > Lā > And al-Thhuluth > Lā > Wa-al-Rrubuʿ > Lā > Wa-al-Khumus > Lā Ḥattá Ṣār > al-ʿUshr

"Pay the tithe."

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ وَارِثِي كَلَالَةٌ أفَأُوصِي بِالنِّصْفِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قَالَ فَالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قَالَ فَالرُّبُعِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قَالَ فَالْخُمُسِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى الْعُشْرِ فَقَالَ

«أَوْصِ بِالْعُشْرِ»

Yaʿlá > Ismāʿīl > ʿĀmir

"They used to impose taxes at a rate of one-fifth and one-fourth, and the one-third was the highest tax. Abu Muhammad said that by 'al-jamih' [the highest tax], it means a spirited horse." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْلَى حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَنْ عَامِرٍ قَالَ

«إِنَّمَا كَانُوا يُوصُونَ بِالْخُمُسِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَكَانَ الثُّلُثُ مُنْتَهَى الْجَامِحِ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي بِالْجَامِحِ الْفَرَسَ الْجَمُوحَ – إسناده صحيح

Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Salamah > Ḥumayd > Bakr > Awṣayt > Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman

"I would not have accepted the will of a man who has a son who insists on one-third." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقَالَ

«مَا كُنْتُ لِأَقْبَلَ وَصِيَّةَ رَجُلٍ لَهُ وَلَدٌ يُوصِي بِالثُّلُثِ» – إسناده صحيح

Qabīṣah > Sufyān > Hishām > Muḥammad b. Sīrīn > Shurayḥ

"The third is effort, and it is permissible." – Good Chain

حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ قَالَ

«الثُّلُثُ جَهْدٌ وَهُوَ جَائِزٌ» – إسناده حسن

ʿUbaydullāh > Isrāʾīl > Manṣūr > Ibrāhīm

"The sixth was more beloved to them than the third." – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ

«كَانَ السُّدُسُ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ» – إسناده صحيح

Abū al-Walīd > Sharīk > Mughīrah > Ibrāhīm

"The guardian is trustworthy in what I have entrusted him with." – Good Chain

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ

«الْوَصِيُّ أَمِينٌ فِيمَا أُوصِيَ إِلَيْهِ بِهِ» – إسناده حسن

Muḥammad b. al-Mubārak > Yaḥyá b. Ḥamzah > Abū Wahb > Makḥūl

"The power of the guardian is permissible in everything except in the act of buying, and when someone sells, it is not considered valid." This is the opinion of Yahya ibn Hamza. – Sound Chain

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي وَهْبٍ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ قَالَ

«أَمْرُ الْوَصِيِّ جَائِزٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا فِي الِابْتِيَاعِ وَإِذَا بَاعَ بَيْعًا لَمْ يُقِلْ» وَهُوَ رَأْيُ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَمْزَةَ – إسناده صحيح

Muḥammad b. al-Mubārak > al-Walīd > al-Awzāʿī > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr

"The guardian is trustworthy in everything except in granting freedom, as he must establish loyalty." – Weak Chain

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ قَالَ

«الْوَصِيُّ أَمِينٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا فِي الْعِتْقِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُقِيمَ الْوَلَاءَ» – إسناده ضعيف