Whoever Sleeps Through The Prayer (Time) Or Forgets (To Pray)

Abu Hurairah reported:
When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned from the Battle of Khaibar, he travelled during the night. When we felt sleep, he halted for rest. Addressing Bilal he said: Keep vigilance at night for us. But Bilal who was leaning against the saddle of his mount was dominated by sleep. Neither the Prophet ﷺ nor Bilal nor any of his Companions could get up till the sunshine struck them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ got up first of all. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was embarrassed and said: O Bilal ! He replied: He who detained your soul, detained my soul, Messenger of Allah, my parents be sacrificed for you. Then they drove their mounts to a little distance. The Prophet ﷺ perfumed ablution and commanded Bilal who made announcement for the prayer. He (the Prophet) led them in the Fajr prayer. When he finished prayer, he said: If anyone forget saying prayer, he should observe it when he recalls it, for Allah has said (in the Qur'an): "Establish prayer for my remembrance". Yunus said: Ibn Shihab used to recite this verse in a similar way (i.e. instead of reciting the word li-dhikri - for the sake of My remembrance - he would recite li-dhikra - when you remember). Ahmad (one of the narrator) said: 'Anbasah (a reporter) reported on the authority of Yunus the word li-dhikri (for the sake of my remembrance). Ahmad said: The word nu'as (occurring in this tradition) means "drowsiness".

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ فَسَارَ لَيْلَةً حَتَّى إِذَا أَدْرَكَنَا الْكَرَى عَرَّسَ وَقَالَ لِبِلاَلٍ " اكْلأْ لَنَا اللَّيْلَ " . قَالَ فَغَلَبَتْ بِلاَلاً عَيْنَاهُ وَهُوَ مُسْتَنِدٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَلاَ بِلاَلٌ وَلاَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا ضَرَبَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوَّلَهُمُ اسْتِيقَاظًا فَفَزِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ " يَا بِلاَلُ " . فَقَالَ أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِي الَّذِي أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَاقْتَادُوا رَوَاحِلَهُمْ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَقَامَ لَهُمُ الصَّلاَةَ وَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الصُّبْحَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلاَةَ قَالَ " مَنْ نَسِيَ صَلاَةً فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ { أَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ لِلذِّكْرَى } " . قَالَ يُونُسُ وَكَانَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ يَقْرَؤُهَا كَذَلِكَ . قَالَ أَحْمَدُ قَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ - يَعْنِي عَنْ يُونُسَ - فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ لِذِكْرِي . وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ الْكَرَى النُّعَاسُ .

Abu Hurairah reported:

Another version of the above tradition adds: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Go away from this place of yours where inadvertence took hold of you. He then commanded Bilal who called for prayer and announced that the prayer in congregation was ready (i.e. he uttered the iqamah) and he observed prayer.

Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by Malik, Sufyan b. 'Uyainah, al-Awza'i, and 'Abd al-Razzaq from Ma'mar and Ibn Ishaq, none of them made a mention of the call for prayer (adman) in this version of the tradition narrated by al-Zuhri, and none of them attribute (this tradition) to him except al-Awza'i and Aban al-'Attar on the authority of Ma'mar.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " تَحَوَّلُوا عَنْ مَكَانِكُمُ الَّذِي أَصَابَتْكُمْ فِيهِ الْغَفْلَةُ " . قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَذَّنَ وَأَقَامَ وَصَلَّى . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَالأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ وَابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمُ الأَذَانَ فِي حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ هَذَا وَلَمْ يُسْنِدْهُ مِنْهُمُ إِلاَّ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَأَبَانُ الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ .

Abu Qatadah reported:
"The Prophet ﷺ was on a journey. The Prophet ﷺ took a turn and I also took a turn with him. He said: 'Look!' I said: 'This is a rider; these are two riders; and these are three' until we became seven. He then said: Guard for us our prayer, i.e. the Fajr prayer. But sleep dominated them and none could awaken them except the heat of the sun. They stood up and drove away a little. Then they got down (from their mounts) and performed ablution. Bilal called for prayer and they offered two rak'ahs of (Sunnah) of Fajr and then offered the Fajr prayer and mounted (their mounts). Some of them said to others: We showed negligence in prayer. The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no negligence in sleep. The negligence is in wakefulness. If any of you forget saying prayer, he should offer it when he remembers it and next day (he should say it) at its proper time.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُ فَمَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمِلْتُ مَعَهُ فَقَالَ " انْظُرْ " . فَقُلْتُ هَذَا رَاكِبٌ هَذَانِ رَاكِبَانِ هَؤُلاَءِ ثَلاَثَةٌ حَتَّى صِرْنَا سَبْعَةً . فَقَالَ " احْفَظُوا عَلَيْنَا صَلاَتَنَا " . يَعْنِي صَلاَةَ الْفَجْرِ فَضُرِبَ عَلَى آذَانِهِمْ فَمَا أَيْقَظَهُمْ إِلاَّ حَرُّ الشَّمْسِ فَقَامُوا فَسَارُوا هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ نَزَلُوا فَتَوَضَّئُوا وَأَذَّنَ بِلاَلٌ فَصَلَّوْا رَكْعَتَىِ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ صَلَّوُا الْفَجْرَ وَرَكِبُوا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ قَدْ فَرَّطْنَا فِي صَلاَتِنَا . فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ " إِنَّهُ لاَ تَفْرِيطَ فِي النَّوْمِ إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ فَإِذَا سَهَا أَحَدُكُمْ عَنْ صَلاَةٍ فَلْيُصَلِّهَا حِينَ يَذْكُرُهَا وَمِنَ الْغَدِ لِلْوَقْتِ " .

Khalid b. Sumair said:
'Abd Allah b. Rabah al-Ansari, whom the Ansar called faqih (juries), came to us from Medina, and reported us on the authority of Abu Qatadah al-Ansari, the horseman of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a military expedition consisting of the chief Companions. He then narrated the same story, saying Nothing awakened us except the rising sun. We stoop up in bewilderment, for our prayer. The Prophet ﷺ said: Wait a little, wait a little. When the sun rose high, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Those who sued to observer the two rak'ahs of Fajr prayer (sunnah prayer before obligatory prayer) should observe them. Then those who used to observe and those who would not observe stood up and said prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded to call for prayer; the call for prayer was made accordingly. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood and led us in prayer. When he turned away (from the prayer) he said: We thank Allah for the fact that we were not engaged in any wordily affairs which detained us from our prayer. Instead our souls were in the hands of Allah. He released them whenever He wished. If any one of you gets morning prayer tomorrow at its proper time, he should offer a similar prayer as an atonement.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَسْوَدُ بْنُ شَيْبَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ سُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَبَاحٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَتِ الأَنْصَارُ تُفَقِّهُهُ - فَحَدَّثَنَا قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ فَارِسُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَيْشَ الأُمَرَاءِ بِهَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ . قَالَ فَلَمْ تُوقِظْنَا إِلاَّ الشَّمْسُ طَالِعَةً فَقُمْنَا وَهِلِينَ لِصَلاَتِنَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ " رُوَيْدًا رُوَيْدًا " . حَتَّى إِذَا تَعَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ يَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَىِ الْفَجْرِ فَلْيَرْكَعْهُمَا " . فَقَامَ مَنْ كَانَ يَرْكَعُهُمَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَرْكَعُهُمَا فَرَكَعَهُمَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُنَادَى بِالصَّلاَةِ فَنُودِيَ بِهَا فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَصَلَّى بِنَا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ " أَلاَ إِنَّا نَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ أَنَّا لَمْ نَكُنْ فِي شَىْءٍ مِنْ أُمُورِ الدُّنْيَا يَشْغَلُنَا عَنْ صَلاَتِنَا وَلَكِنَّ أَرْوَاحَنَا كَانَتْ بِيَدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَأَرْسَلَهَا أَنَّى شَاءَ فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْكُمْ صَلاَةَ الْغَدَاةِ مِنْ غَدٍ صَالِحًا فَلْيَقْضِ مَعَهَا مِثْلَهَا " .

This tradition has also been reported by Abu Qatadah through a different chain of narrators. He said (that the Prophet ﷺ said):
"Allah takes your souls as He wishes, and returns them as He wishes. Stand up and call the Adhan to prayer." They (the Companions) stood and performed ablution. When the sun rose high, the Prophet ﷺ stood and led the people in prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَبَضَ أَرْوَاحَكُمْ حَيْثُ شَاءَ وَرَدَّهَا حَيْثُ شَاءَ قُمْ فَأَذِّنْ بِالصَّلاَةِ " . فَقَامُوا فَتَطَهَّرُوا حَتَّى إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ .

This tradition has been transmitted through a different chain by Abu Qatadah to the same effect. This version adds:
"He performed ablution when the sun had arisen high and led them in prayer."

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْثَرٌ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ فَتَوَضَّأَ حِينَ ارْتَفَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ .

Abu Qatadah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:
There is no remissness in sleep, it is only when one is awake that there is remissness when you delay saying the prayer till the time for the next prayer comes.

حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، - وَهُوَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ - حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ - عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " لَيْسَ فِي النَّوْمِ تَفْرِيطٌ إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ أَنْ تُؤَخَّرَ صَلاَةٌ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ وَقْتُ أُخْرَى " .

Anas b. Malik reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:
If any one forgets a prayer or oversleeps, he should observe it when he remembers it ; there is no expiation for it except that.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ نَسِيَ صَلاَةً فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا لاَ كَفَّارَةَ لَهَا إِلاَّ ذَلِكَ " .

'Imran b. Husain said:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was on his journey. They (the people) slept abandoning the Fajr prayer. They awoke by the heat of the sun. Then they travelled a little until the sun rose high. He (the Prophet) commanded the mu'adhdhin (one who called for prayer) to call for prayer. He then offered two rak'ahs of prayer (sunnah prayer) before the (obligatory) fajr prayer. Then he (the mu'adhdhin) announced for saying the prayer in congregation (i.e. he uttered iqamah). Then he led them in the morning prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ فِي مَسِيرٍ لَهُ فَنَامُوا عَنْ صَلاَةِ الْفَجْرِ فَاسْتَيْقَظُوا بِحَرِّ الشَّمْسِ فَارْتَفَعُوا قَلِيلاً حَتَّى اسْتَقَلَّتِ الشَّمْسُ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ مُؤَذِّنًا فَأَذَّنَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ .

Narrated Amr ibn Umayyah ad-Damri:

We were in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during one of his journeys. He overslept abandoning the morning prayer until the sun had arisen. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ awoke and said: Go away from this place.

He then commanded Bilal to call for prayer. He called for prayer. They (the people) performed ablution and offered two rak'ahs of the morning prayer (sunnah prayer). He then commanded Bilal (to utter the iqamah, i.e. to summon the people to attend the prayer). He announced the prayer (i.e. uttered the iqamah) and he led them in the morning prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسٌ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، - وَهَذَا لَفْظُ عَبَّاسٍ - أَنَّ عَبْدَ، اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ حَدَّثَهُمْ عَنْ حَيْوَةَ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - يَعْنِي الْقِتْبَانِيَّ - أَنَّ كُلَيْبَ بْنَ صُبْحٍ حَدَّثَهُمْ أَنَّ الزِّبْرِقَانَ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَمْرِو بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيِّ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَعْضِ أَسْفَارِهِ فَنَامَ عَنِ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَاسْتَيْقَظَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ " تَنَحُّوا عَنْ هَذَا الْمَكَانِ " . قَالَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَذَّنَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّئُوا وَصَلَّوْا رَكْعَتَىِ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَقَامَ الصَّلاَةَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ صَلاَةَ الصُّبْحِ " .

Dhu Mikhbar al-Habashi, who used to serve the Prophet ﷺ, reported a version of the previous tradition. The Prophet ﷺ performed ablution in such a way that there is no mud on the earth. He then commanded Bilal (to call for prayer). He called for prayer. The Prophet ﷺ stood and offered two rak'ahs of prayer unhurriedly.

This is narrated by Hajjaj on the authority of Yazid b. Sulaih from Dhu Mikhbar from a person of al-Habashah (Ethiopia). 'Ubaid (a narrator) said:

Yazid b. Salih (instead of Yazid b. Sulaih).

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ - حَدَّثَنَا حَرِيزٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْوَزِيرِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُبَشِّرٌ، - يَعْنِي الْحَلَبِيَّ - حَدَّثَنَا حَرِيزٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُثْمَانَ - حَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ ذِي، مِخْبَرٍ الْحَبَشِيِّ وَكَانَ يَخْدُمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَالَ فَتَوَضَّأَ - يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ - وُضُوءًا لَمْ يَلْثَ مِنْهُ التُّرَابُ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَذَّنَ ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ غَيْرَ عَجِلٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِبِلاَلٍ " أَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ " . ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْفَرْضَ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ عَجِلٍ . قَالَ عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ صُلَيْحٍ حَدَّثَنِي ذُو مِخْبَرٍ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَبَشَةِ وَقَالَ عُبَيْدٌ يَزِيدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ .

This tradition has also been transmitted through another chain of narrators by Dhu Mikhbar, the nephew of the Negus. This version adds:
"He (Bilal) called for prayer unhurriedly."

حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُثْمَانَ - عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ ذِي، مِخْبَرِ بْنِ أَخِي النَّجَاشِيِّ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَالَ فَأَذَّنَ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ عَجِلٍ .