Sunan an-Nasa'i al-Kubra, Book of Expeditions

Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Khālid > Ḥumayd > Anas

The Prophet ﷺ went to Badr and consulted the Muslims. Abu Bakr pointed at him and then they consulted him. Umar then consulted them and the Ansar said, "O people of the Ansar, beware of what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wants." They said, "Then we will not say what the children of Israel said to Moses, 'Go, you and your Lord, and fight. We are staying right here.' But rather, if you were to strike the livers of its inhabitants until they reached the farthest point of the clouds, we would follow you."

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ عَنْ أَنَسٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَارَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ فَاسْتَشَارَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَشَارَهُمْ فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ اسْتَشَارَهُمْ فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِيَّاكُمْ يُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالُوا إِذًا لَا نَقُولُ مَا قَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى «اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَاتِلَا إِنَّا هَهُنَا قَاعِدُونَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَوْ ضَرَبْتَ أَكْبَادَهَا إِلَى بَرْكِ الْغِمَادِ لَاتَّبَعْنَاكَ»

Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Sufyān > al-Zuhrī > And Thabbatanī Maʿmar Baʿd > al-Zuhrī > ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr > Miswar b. Makhramah Wamarwān b. al-Ḥakam Yazīd Aḥaduhumā > Ṣāḥibih

(one of them said more than his friend): The Prophet ﷺ set out in the company of more than onethousand of his companions in the year of Al-Hudaibiya, and when he reached Dhul-Hulaifa, he garlanded his Hadi (i.e. sacrificing animal), assumed the state of Ihram for ʿUmra from that place and sent a spy of his from Khuzi'a (tribe). The Prophet ﷺ proceeded on till he reached (a village called) Ghadir-al-Ashtat. There his spy came and said, "The Quraish (infidels) have collected a great number of people against you, and they have collected against you the Ethiopians, and they will fight with you, and will stop you from entering the Kaʿba and prevent you." The Prophet ﷺ said, "O people! Give me your opinion. Do you recommend that I should destroy the families and offspring of those who want to stop us from the Kaʿba? If they should come to us (for peace) then Allah will destroy a spy from the pagans, or otherwise we will leave them in a miserable state." On that Abu Bakr said, "O Allah Apostle! You have come with the intention of visiting this House (i.e. Kaʿba) and you do not want to kill or fight anybody. So proceed to it, and whoever should stop us from it, we will fight him." On that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Proceed on, in the Name of Allah !"

أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ وَثَبَّتَنِي مَعْمَرٌ بَعْدَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ

أَنَّ مِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ يَزِيدُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ قَالَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمَّا أَتَى ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ قَلَّدَ الْهَدْيَ وَأَشْعَرَهُ وَأَحْرَمَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ بَعَثَ عَيْنَا لَهُ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ وَسَارَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ وَذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً بِالْأَشْطَاطِ أَتَاهُ عَيْنُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا جَمَعُوا لَكَ جُمُوعًا وَجَمَعُوا لَكَ الْأَحَابِيشَ وَإِنَّهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ أَتَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَمِيلَ عَلَى ذَرَارِيِّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوا عَلَيْنَا فَإِنْ نَجَوْا يَكُونُ اللهُ قَدْ قَطَعَ عُنُقًا مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَإِلَّا تَرَكْتُهُمْ مَحْرُوبِينَ مَوْتُورِينَ؟» فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «إِنَّمَا خَرَجْتُ لِهَذَا الْوَجْهِ عَامِدًا لِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ لَا تُرِيدُ قِتَالَ أَحَدٍ فَتَوَجَّهْ لَهُ فَمَنْ صَدَّنَا عَنْهُ قَاتَلْنَاهُ» فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «امْضُوا عَلَى اسْمِ اللهِ»

ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad al-Ḍaʿīf > Sufyān > Yazīd b. Khuṣayfah > al-Sāʾib b. Yazīd

"That the Prophet ﷺ was prominent among the two shields on the day of Uhud."

أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الضَّعِيفُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُصَيْفَةَ عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «ظَاهِرٌ بَيْنَ دِرْعَيْنِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ»

Muḥammad b. Salamah > Ibn al-Qāsim > Mālik > Ibn Shihāb > Anas b. Mālik

Anas bin Malik said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ entered Makkah in the year of the conquest (of Makkah) wearing a helmet on his head. When he took off it a man came to him and said “Ibn Akhtal is hanging with the curtains of the Ka’bah.” He said “Kill him”. Abu Dawud said “The name of Ibn Akhtal is ‘Abd Allaah and Abu Barzat Al Aslami killed him.

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ «دَخَلَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ مَكَّةَ وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ الْمِغْفَرُ فَلَمَّا نَزَعَهُ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ابْنُ خَطَلٍ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «اقْتُلُوهُ»

Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Bazīʿ > Yazīd / Ibn Zurayʿ > Ibn ʿAwn > Katabt > Nāfiʿ Ayaḥmil al-a man Bighayr Idhn al-Amīr > Lā Yaḥmil Illā Biʾidhnih > Wamā Katabt Tasʾalunī > al-Ghazw Hal > from Ibn ʿUmar Fīh

It was mentioned that people were invited to Islam in the early days of Islam before the battles and Ibn Umar informed me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ become jealous over Banu Mustaliq, who were grazing their animals near water. He killed their men, took their women captive, and took their animals. This was the day when Juwayriyah was taken captive.

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ زُرَيْعٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ قَالَ §كَتَبْتُ إِلَى نَافِعٍ أَيَحْمِلُ الرَّجُلُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الْأَمِيرِ؟ قَالَ «لَا يَحْمِلُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ» قَالَ وَمَا كَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ الْغَزْوِ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ مِنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِيهِ

أَنَّ النَّاسَ كَانُوا يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَبْلَ قِتَالٍ وَأَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَغَارَ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ يَعْنِي خُزَاعَةَ وَهُمْ غَارُّونَ وَأَنْعَامُهُمْ عَلَى الْمَاءِ تُسْقَى فَقَتَلَ رِجَالَهُمْ وَسَبَى سَبْيَهُمْ وَأَخَذَ أَنْعَامَهُمْ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَصَابَ فِيهِ جُوَيْرِيَةَ

Aḥmad b. Sulaymān > Yaʿlá b. ʿUbayd > Idrīs al-Awdī > ʿAlqamah b. Marthad > Sulaymān b. Buraydah from his father

“Whenever he appointed a man to lead a military detachment, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would advise him especially to fear Allah and treat the Muslims with him well. He ﷺ said: ‘Fight in the Name of Allah and in the cause of Allah. Fight those how disbelieve in Allah. Fight but do not be treacherous, do not steal from the spoils of war, do not mutilate and do not kill children. When you meet your enemy from among the polytheists, call them to one of three things. Whichever of them they respond to, accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Invite them to accept Islam, and if they respond then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Then invite them to leave their land and move to the land of the polytheists. Tell them that if they do that, then they will have the same rights and duties as the polytheists. If they refuse, then tell them that they will be like the Muslim Bedouins (who live in the desert), subject to the same rulings of Allah as the believers. But they will have no share of Fay’* or war spoils, unless they fight alongside the Muslims. If they refuse to enter Islam, then ask them to pay the Poll-tax. If they do that, then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. But if they refuse, then seek the help of Allah against them and fight them. If you lay siege to them and they want you to give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, do not give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, rather give them your protection and the protection of your father and your Companions, for if you violate your protection and the protection of your fathers, that is easier than violating the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. If you lay siege to them and they want you to let them come out with a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, do not offer them a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, rather offer them your judgement, because you do not know if you will actually pass (the same as) Allah’s judgement regarding them or not.’” Another chain reports a similar hadith.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِدْرِيسُ الْأَوْدِيُّ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا بَعَثَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَمْرَهُ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ فِي خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ وَلِأَصْحَابِهِ بِعَامَّةٍ» وَقَالَ «اغْزُوا بِسْمِ اللهِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ وَلَا تَغْلُوا وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا وَإِذَا لَقِيتَ عَدُوَّكَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ دَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ وَإِلَى الْهِجْرَةِ فَإِنْ دَخَلُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكَفَّ عَنْهُمْ وَإِنِ اخْتَارُوا الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَبَوْا أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ كَانُوا كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ مَا يَجْرِي عَلَى أَعْرَابِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْفَيْءِ وَالْغَنِيمَةِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُجَاهِدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا الْإِسْلَامَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِعْطَاءِ الْجِزْيَةِ وَاقْبلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ وَقَاتِلْهُمْ فَإِذَا حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ فَأَرَادُوكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُنْزِلَهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ فَلَا تُنْزِلْهُمْ وَلَكِنْ عَلَى حُكْمِكُمْ ثُمَّ اقْضُوا فِيهِمْ بَعْدُ مَا شِئْتُمْ فَإِنَّكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ تُصِيبُونَ حُكْمَ اللهِ أَمْ لَا وَإِنْ أَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تُنْزِلَهُمْ عَلَى ذِمَّةِ اللهِ وَذِمَّةِ رَسُولِهِ فَلَا تُنْزِلْهُمْ وَلَكِنْ ذِمَمِكُمْ وَذِمَمِ آبَائِكُمْ وَإِخْوَانِكُمْ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَمَكُمْ وَذِمَمَ آبَائِكُمْ وَإِخْوَانِكُمْ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ»

Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > Yaʿqūb > Abū Ḥāzim > Sahl b. Saʿd

On the day of Khaibar, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Tomorrow I will give this flag to a man through whose hands Allah will give us victory. He loves Allah and His Apostle, and he is loved by Allah and His Apostle." The people remained that night, wondering as to who would be given it. In the morning the people went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and everyone of them was hopeful to receive it (i.e. the flag). The Prophet said, "Where is ʿAli bin Abi Talib?" It was said, "He is suffering from eye trouble O Allah's Apostle." He said, "Send for him." ʿAli was brought and Messenger of Allah ﷺ spat in his eye and invoked good upon him. So ʿAli was cured as if he never had any trouble. Then the Prophet ﷺ gave him the flag. ʿAli said "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I will fight with them till they become like us." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Proceed and do not hurry. When you enter their territory, call them to embrace Islam and inform them of Allah's Rights which they should observe, for by Allah, even if a single man is led on the right path (of Islam) by Allah through you, then that will be better for you than the nice red camels.

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ «لَأُعْطِيَنَّ هَذِهِ الرَّايَةَ غَدًا رَجُلًا يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ غَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كُلُّهُمْ يَرْجُو أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا فَقَالَ «أَيْنَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ؟» فَقِيلَ هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ يَشْتَكِي عَيْنَيْهِ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ فَبَصَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَدَعَا لَهُ فَبَرَأَ حَتَّى كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ وَجَعٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «أُقَاتِلُهُمْ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مِثْلَنَا؟» قَالَ «انْفُذْ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ بِمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ حَقِّ اللهِ فِيهِ فَوَاللهِ لَأَنْ يَهْدِيَ اللهُ بِكَ رَجُلًا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ حُمُرُ النَّعَمِ»

Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm > Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Thābit > Anas

That the Messenger of Allah entered upon a young boy from the Jews who was sick, and he said to him, "Convert to Islam." So he looked at his father and his father said to him, "Obey the Messenger of Allah." So he said, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." So the Messenger of Allah said, "Praise be to Allah who saved him with me from the Hellfire."

أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَى غُلَامٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ «أَسْلِمْ» فَنَظَرَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ «أَطِعْ رَسُولَ اللهِ» فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنْقَذَهُ بِي مِنَ النَّارِ»

ʿAmr b. ʿAlī > Yaḥyá > Ḥajjāj > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr > Hilāl b. Abū Maymūnah > ʿAṭāʾ b. Yasār > Muʿāwiyah b. al-Ḥakam al-Salamī

I had a neighbor who would graze my sheep in the outskirts of Uhud and Al-Jawwaniyah. I once went to check on them and found that a wolf had taken one of them. I felt sad as any human would, but I struck the wolf a blow. I then went to the Prophet ﷺ and told him what had happened. He became angry with me, and I said, "Shouldn't I set her free, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ asked her, "Who am I?" She replied, "You are the Messenger of Allah." He then asked her, "Where is Allah?" She answered, "He is in the heavens." Abu Abdur Rahman said, in this Hadith, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Set her free, for she is a believer, and I did not understand it as I intended."

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي هِلَالُ بْنُ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ السَّلَمِيِّ قَالَ

كَانَتْ لِي جَارِيَةٌ تَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِي فِي قُبُلِ أُحُدٍ وَالْجَوَّانِيَّةِ فَاطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا اطِّلَاعَةً فَإِذَا الذِّئْبُ قَدْ أَخَذَ مِنْهَا شَاةً وَأَنَا مِنْ بَنِي آدَمِ آسَفُ كَمَا يَأْسَفُونَ لَكِنِّي صَكَكْتُهَا صَكَّةً فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَعَظُمَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ قُلْتُ «أَلَا أَعْتِقُهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟» قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَهَا «مَنْ أَنَا؟» قَالَتْ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ لَهَا «أَيْنَ اللهُ؟» قَالَتْ «فِي السَّمَاءِ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ «أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ وَلَمْ أَفْهَمْهُ كَمَا أَرَدْتُ»

Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Yazīd > Sufyān > ʿAmr > ʿAṭāʾ > Ibn ʿAbbās

The Muslims met a man with some sheep of his. He said: Peace be upon you. But they killed him and took those few sheep. Thereupon the following Qur'anic verse was revealed: "...And say to anyone who offers you a salutation: Thou art none of believer, coveting the perishable good of this life." meaning these few sheep.

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو سَمِعَ عَطَاءً عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ §لَحِقَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ رَجُلًا فِي غَنِيمَةٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ

السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَخَذُوا غَنِيمَتَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا تَبْتَغُونَ عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} [النساء 94] تِلْكَ الْغَنِيمَةُ

Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > al-Layth > Ibn Shihāb > ʿAṭāʾ b. Yazīd > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAdī b. al-Khiyār > al-Miqdād b. al-Aswad

If I encountered a person amongst the infidels (in the battlefield) and he attacked me and struck me and cut off one of my hands with the sword. Then he (in order to protect himself from me) took shelter of a tree and said: I become Muslim for Allah's sake. Messenger of Allah, can I kill him after he had uttered this? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Do not kill him. I (the narrator) said: Messenger of Allah, he cut off my hand and uttered this after amputating it; should I then kill him? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Don't kill him, for I you kill him, verily he would be in a position where you had been before killing him and verily you would be in a position where he had been before uttering (kalima).

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ

أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَقِيتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ فَقَاتَلَنِي فَضَرَبَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَطَعَهَا ثُمَّ لَاذَ مِنِّي بِشَجَرَةٍ» فَقَالَ «أَسْلَمْتُ لِلَّهِ أَفَأَقْتُلُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالَهَا؟» قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تَقْتُلْهُ» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ قَطَعَ يَدِي ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَطَعَهَا أَفَأَقْتُلُهُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تَقْتُلْهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ فَإِنَّهُ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ وَإِنَّكَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كَلِمَتَهُ الَّتِي قَالَ»

Muḥammad b. Manṣūr > Sufyān > Ayyūb > Abū Qilābah from his uncle > ʿImrān b. Ḥaṣīn

That there was a man from the tribe of Thaqif who had been allies with the tribe of Banu Uqayl during the time of ignorance. The Muslims captured a man from the tribe of Banu Uqayl, along with his camel, and brought him to the Prophet ﷺ. The man said to the Prophet ﷺ, "O Muhammad, by what you have taken from me and what you have taken first from the Hajj leader." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I took the herd of your allies, the Thaqif, who had captured two Muslim men, and the Prophet ﷺ used to pass by while they were imprisoned." The man would say, "O Muhammad, I am a Muslim." The Prophet ﷺ said, "If you had said that while you were in control, you would have truly succeeded. Then, it appeared to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he should ransom him with the Thaqif. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ransomed him with two Muslim men and kept the camel for himself."

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَيُّوبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو قِلَابَةَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حَصِينٍ

أَنَّ ثَقِيفًا كَانَتْ حُلَفَاءَ لِبَنِي عُقَيْلٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَصَابَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عُقَيْلٍ وَمَعَهُ نَاقَةٌ لَهُ فَأَتَوْا بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ «بِمَا أَخَذَتْنِي وَأَخَذْتَ سَابِقَةَ الْحَاجِّ» قَالَ «أَخَذْتُ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثَقِيفٍ وَكَانُوا أَسَرُوا رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمُرُّ وَهُوَ مَحْبُوسٌ» فَيَقُولُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ «إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ» قَالَ «لَوْ كُنْتَ قُلْتَ وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ كُنْتَ قَدْ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَفْدِيَهُ بِالثَّقَفِيِّينَ فَفَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِرَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَمْسَكَ النَّاقَةَ لِنَفْسِهِ»

Aḥmad b. Yaḥyá al-Kūfī al-Ṣūfī > Abū Nuʿaym > Sulaymān b. al-Mughīrah > Ḥumayd b. Hilāl > Ataynā Bishr b. ʿĀṣim al-Laythī > ʿUqbah b. Mālik And Kān from Rahṭih

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out an expedition that raided a group of people. Among the group, there was a man who deviated from the others. Another man from the expedition followed him, with his sword unsheathed. The deviant man asked, "Who are you people? I am a Muslim." The follower replied, "He struck him and killed him." The news reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who spoke harshly about the incident. While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering a sermon, he said, "By Allah, the one who...said nothing but seeking protection from being killed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from him, along with the people before him, and resumed his sermon." Then he said, "O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, the one who said nothing but seeking protection from being killed, and the people before him, and the people before him, resuming his sermon, and he did not show patience." He repeated this in the third instance, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went towards him and the signs of anger were apparent on his face. He said, "Verily, Allah has prohibited me from pardoning the one who killed a believer three times."

أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْكُوفِيُّ الصُّوفِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ قَالَ أَتَيْنَا بِشْرَ بْنَ عَاصِمٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَكَانَ مِنْ رَهْطِهِ قَالَ

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً فَغَارَتْ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَشَذَّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ فَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ السَّرِيَّةِ مَعَهُ السَّيْفُ شَاهِرُهُ فَقَالَ الشَّاذُّ «مَنِ الْقَوْمُ؟ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ فَلَمْ يَنْظُرْ إِلَى مَا» قَالَ «فَضَرَبَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَنَمَى الْحَدِيثُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ» فَقَالَ فِيهِ قَوْلًا شَدِيدًا فَبَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ إِذْ قَالَ «الْقَاتِلُ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ الَّذِي» قَالَ «إِلَّا تَعَوُّذًا مِنَ الْقَتْلِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَعَمَّنْ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَأَخَذَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ مَا قَالَ الَّذِي قَالَ «إِلَّا تَعَوُّذًا مِنَ الْقَتْلِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ وَعَمَّنْ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَأَخَذَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ وَلَمْ يَصْبِرْ» فَقَالَ فِي الثَّالِثَةَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تُعْرَفُ الْمَسَاءَةَ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اللهَ أَبَى عَلَيَّ الَّذِي قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ»

Muḥammad b. Ādam al-Miṣṣīṣī > Abū Muʿāwiyah > al-Aʿmash > Abū Ẓabyān > Usāmah b. Zayd

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us to the Haruqat area of Juheyna. We reached them in the morning while they were warned about us. We caught up with them and I encountered a man who, whenever I got close to him, said "There is no god but Allah." I thought he was saying it to protect himself from harm, so I attacked him and killed him. However, I felt uneasy about killing him. I went to the Prophet ﷺ and he asked me, "Did you say 'There is no god but Allah' before killing him?" I replied, "No, he did not say it himself. He only said it to protect himself from harm." The Prophet ﷺ then asked me, "Did you kill him after he said, 'There is no god but Allah'?" I said, "Yes, but I wish I had not accepted Islam until that day."

أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ آدَمَ الْمِصِّيصِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ

بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْحُرُقَاتِ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ فَصَبَّحْنَاهُمْ وَقَدْ نُذِرُوا بِنَا فَخَرَجْنَا فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَأَدْرَكْتُ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا فَجَعَلَ إِذَا لَحِقْتُهُ قَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يَقُولُهَا فَرَقًا مِنَ السِّلَاحِ فَحَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَعَرَضَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ قَتْلِهِ شَيْءٌ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ» قَالَ لِي أَقَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ قَتَلْتَهُ؟» قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَقُلْهَا مِنْ قَبَلِ نَفْسِهِ إِنَّمَا قَالَهَا فَرَقًا مِنَ السِّلَاحِ قَالَ لِي أَقَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ قَتَلْتَهُ فَهَلَّا شَقَقْتَ عَنْ قَلْبِهِ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَالَهَا فَرَقًا مِنَ السِّلَاحِ؟» قَالَ أُسَامَةُ فَمَا زَالَ يُكَرِّرُهَا عَلَيَّ أَقَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ قَتَلْتَهُ حَتَّى وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ»

ʿAmr b. ʿAlī > ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Manṣūr b. Abū al-Aswad > Ḥaṣīn > Abū Ẓabyān > Usāmah b. Zayd

We sent the Messenger of Allah in an army to Al-Hurqat, a neighborhood of Juheina. When we were about to defeat them, a man from the Ansar (helpers) and I approached a man from them and he said, "There is no god but Allah." The Ansari stopped attacking him, and I thought that he said it to seek refuge, so I killed him. The Ansari then returned to the Prophet and informed him about it. The Prophet said to Osama, "O Osama, did you kill him after he said, 'There is no god but Allah'? How will you then deal with 'There is no god but Allah' on the Day of Judgment?" He kept repeating these words until I wished that I had not embraced Islam before that day.

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرِوُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ حَصِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ يَقُولُ

بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي جَيْشٍ إِلَى الْحُرُقَاتِ حَيٍّ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ فَلَمَّا يَعْنِي هَزَمْنَاهُمِ ابْتَدَرْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَكَفَّ عَنْهُ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَالَهَا تَعَوُّذًا فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَرَجَعَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَحَدَّثَهُ الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا أُسَامَةُ قَتَلْتَ رَجُلًا بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ؟ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟» فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ

Nūḥ b. Ḥabīb al-Qūmasī > ʿAbd al-Razzāq > Maʿmar > al-Zuhrī > Sālim > Ibn ʿUmar

The Prophet ﷺ sent Khalid bin Al-Walid to the tribe of Jadhima and Khalid invited them to Islam but they could not express themselves by saying, "Aslamna (i.e. we have embraced Islam)," but they started saying "Saba'na! Saba'na (i.e. we have come out of one religion to another)." Khalid kept on killing (some of) them and taking (some of) them as captives and gave every one of us his Captive. When there came the day then Khalid ordered that each man (i.e. Muslim soldier) should kill his captive, I said, "By Allah, I will not kill my captive, and none of my companions will kill his captive." When we reached the Prophet, we mentioned to him the whole story. On that, the Prophet ﷺ raised both his hands and said twice, "O Allah! I am free from what Khalid has done."

أَخْبَرَنَا نُوحُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْقُومَسِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ أَحْسَبُهُ إِلَى بَنِي خُزَيْمَةَ فَلَمْ يُحْسِنُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا أَسْلَمْنَا فَجَعَلُوا يَقُولُونَ «صَبَأْنَا صَبَأْنَا وَجَعَلَ خَالِدٌ بِهِمْ قَتْلًا وَأَسْرًا» قَالَ «فَدَفَعَ إِلَى كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا أَسِيرَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمٌ أَمَرَنَا خَالِدٌ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا أَسِيرَهُ» قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ فَقُلْتُ «وَاللهِ لَا أَقْتُلُ أَسِيرِي وَلَا يَقْتُلُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي أَسِيرَهُ» قَالَ فَقَدِمْنَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ صَنِيعَ خَالِدٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَبْرَأُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ صَنِيعِ خَالِدٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ»

Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm > Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Thābit > Anas

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the morning prayer in Galas while being close to them, so he felt jealous of them and said, "Allah is greater. Khaibar has been destroyed twice. When we descend upon the land of a people, it is a bad morning for the warned ones." He said, "They would walk in the streets and say, 'Muhammad and the Khumais (a tribe) Muhammad and the Khumais, twice.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ killed the combatants, captured the prisoners, and Safiyyah became the property of Dihyah al-Kalbi. Then she was sent to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he freed her and married her, and he made her freedom her dowry." Abdullah al-Aziz said, "O Abu Muhammad, were you the one who said to Anas, 'What makes you believe her?'?" Anas said, "She affirmed it herself by moving her head. This is an affirmation from her."

أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ

صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ بِغَلَسٍ وَهُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنْهُمْ فَأَغَارَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَقَالَ «اللهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ مَرَّتَيْنِ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ» قَالَ «وَجَعَلُوا يَسْعَوْنَ فِي السِّكَكِ» وَيَقُولُونَ «مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَقَتَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُقَاتِلَةَ وَسَبَى الذُّرِّيَّةَ وَصَارَتْ صَفِيَّةُ لِدِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ بَعْدُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَعْتَقَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَجَعَلَ عِتْقَهَا صَدَاقَهَا» فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْتَ الَّذِي قُلْتَ لِأَنَسٍ «مَا أَصْدَقَهَا؟» قَالَ أَنَسٌ «أَصْدِقْهَا نَفْسَهَا فَحَرَّكَ ثَابِتٌ رَأْسَهُ أَيْ تَصْدِيقًا لَهُ»

Muḥammad b. Salamah And al-Ḥārith b. Miskīn > Ibn al-Qāsim > Mālik > Ḥumayd al-Ṭawīl > Anas b. Mālik

The Prophet ﷺ set out for Khaibar and reached it at night. He used not to attack if he reached the people at night, till the day broke. So, when the day dawned, the Jews came out with their bags and spades. When they saw the Prophet; they said, "Muhammad and his army!" The Prophet ﷺ said, Allahu--Akbar! (Allah is Greater) and Khaibar is ruined, for whenever we approach a nation (i.e. enemy to fight) then it will be a miserable morning for those who have been warned."

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ أَتَاهَا لَيْلًا وَكَانَ إِذَا أَتَى قَوْمًا بِلَيْلٍ لَمْ يُغِرْ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَخَرَجَتْ يَهُودٌ بِمَسَاحِيهِمْ وَمَكَاتِلِهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ قَالُوا مُحَمَّدٌ وَاللهِ مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «اللهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ»

ʿAbd al-Jabbār b. al-ʿAlāʾ b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār > Sufyān > ʿAmr > Abū al-ʿAbbās > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAmr

The Prophet of Allah ﷺ besieged Ta'if, a brief summary.

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ

«حَاصَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الطَّائِفَ مُخْتَصَرٌ»

Muḥammad b. Bashhār > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > ʿAwf > Maymūn Abū ʿAbdullāh > ʿAbdullāh b. Buraydah > Buraydah

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I will give the flag to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him." So he called Ali, who was blind in one eye, and he wiped over his eyes and gave him the flag. Then he stood up with him and whoever stood up, he met the people of Khaybar. And there was a call welcoming him, saying, "Khaybar knows that I am a welcoming warrior, a tested hero. I stab sometimes and strike at others, and when the lions advance, they ignite. So he and Ali differed with one another, and Ali struck him twice, and he struck him on his helmet until the sword bit through it, whitening his head. And the people of the army heard the sound of his strike. So Allah opened a way for him and for them."

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ عَنْ مَيْمُونٍ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ بُرَيْدَةَ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ اللِّوَاءَ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَدَعَا عَلِيًّا وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ فَتَفَلَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَأَعْطَاهُ اللِّوَاءَ وَنَهَضَ مَعَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ نَهَضَ فَلَقِيَ أَهْلَ خَيْبَرَ فَإِذَا مَرْحَبٌ يَرْتَجِزُ وَيَقُولُ [البحر الرجز] قَدْ عَلِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ أَنِّي مَرْحَبُ شَاكِي السِّلَاحِ بَطَلٌ مُجَرَّبُ أَطْعَنُ أَحْيَانًا وَحِينًا أَضْرِبُ إِذَا اللُّيُوثُ أَقْبَلَتْ تَلَهَّبُ فَاخْتَلَفَ هُوَ وَعَلِيٌّ ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَضَرَبَهُ عَلَى هَامَتِهِ حَتَّى عَضَّ السَّيْفُ مِنْهَا أَبْيَضَ رَأْسِهِ وَسَمِعَ أَهْلُ الْعَسْكَرِ صَوْتَ ضَرْبَتِهِ فَفَتَحَ اللهُ لَهُ وَلَهُمْ

Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥarb > Muʿādh b. Khālid > al-Ḥusayn b. Wāqid > ʿAbdullāh b. Buraydah > Abū Buraydah

I heard my father Buraida saying, "We were besieged in Khaybar, and Abu Bakr took the standard and went, but it was not opened for him. Then 'Umar took it and also went, but it was not opened for him. And the people faced severe hardship and exertion on that day. So the Messenger of Allah said, 'Tomorrow, I will give my standard to a man whom Allah and His Messenger love, and he loves Allah and His Messenger. He will not return until it is opened for him.' And we spent the night having good thoughts that victory will come tomorrow. So when the morning came, the Messenger of Allah prayed the morning prayer, then he stood up and called for the standard and the people were standing in their ranks. There was no one among us with a position before the Messenger of Allah, except that he hoped to be the companion of the standard. So he called for 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, who had a limp, and he spat in his eyes and wiped it off, and then he handed him the standard. So Allah opened it for him, and he said, 'I am one of those who will breach it.'"

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَرْبٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ وَاقِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ أَبِي بُرَيْدَةَ يَقُولُ حَاصَرْنَا خَيْبَرَ فَأَخَذَ اللِّوَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَانْصَرَفَ وَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ لَهُ وَأَخَذَهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ عُمَرُ فَانْصَرَفَ وَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ لَهُ وَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ يَوْمَئِذٍ شِدَّةٌ وَجَهْدٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي دَافِعٌ لِوَائِي غَدًا إِلَى رَجُلٍ يُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَيُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ لَا يَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يُفْتَحَ لَهُ» وَبِتْنَا طَيِّبَةً أَنْفُسُنَا أَنَّ الْفَتْحَ غَدًا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ ثُمَّ قَامَ قَائِمًا وَدَعَا بِاللِّوَاءِ وَالنَّاسُ عَلَى مَصَافِّهِمْ فَمَا مِنَّا إِنْسَانٌ لَهُ مَنْزِلَةٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا وَهُوَ يَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ صَاحِبَ اللِّوَاءِ فَدَعَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ فَتَفَلَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَمَسَحَ عَنْهُ وَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اللِّوَاءَ فَفَتَحَ اللهُ لَهُ قَالَ «أَنَا فِيمَنْ تَطَاوَلُ لَهَا»

Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Yaḥyá b. Ḥammād > al-Waḍḍāḥ / Abū ʿAwānah > Yaḥyá Wahū Ibn Abū Sulaym Abū Balj > ʿAmr b. Maymūn > Ibn ʿAbbās

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I will send a man whom Allah and His Messenger love, and whom Allah and His Messenger will never disgrace. He is the most honorable of those with high aspirations." He asked, "Where is Ali, the son of Abu Talib? He is grinding the wheat, so he called him while he was nearly blind and spat in his eyes, then he shook the flag three times and handed it to him. So he brought Safiyyah, the daughter of Huyayy."

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَضَّاحُ وَهُوَ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ أَبُو بَلْجٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَأَبْعَثَنَّ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ لَا يُخْزِيهِ اللهُ أَبَدًا فَأَشْرَفَ مَنِ اسْتَشْرَفَ» قَالَ «أَيْنَ عَلِيٌّ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ؟ وَهُوَ فِي الرَّحَى يَطْحَنُ فَدَعَاهُ وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ مَا يَكَادُ أَنْ يُبْصِرَ فَنَفَثَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَهَزَّ الرَّايَةَ ثَلَاثًا فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ فَجَاءَ بِصَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ حُيَيٍّ» مُخْتَصَرٌ

Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > Yaʿqūb > Suhayl from his father > Abū Hurayrah

I shall certainly give this standard in the hand of one who loves Allah and his Messenger and Allah will grant victory at his hand. Umar b. Khattab said: Never did I cherish for leadership but on that day. I came before him with the hope that I may be called for this, but Messenger of Allah ﷺ called 'Ali b. Abu Talib and he conferred (this honour) upon him and said: Proceed on and do not look about until Allah grants you victory, and 'Ali went a bit and then halted and did not look about and then said in a loud voice: Messenger of Allah, on what issue should I fight with the people? Thereupon he (the Prophet) said: Fight with them until they bear testimony to the fact that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his Messenger, and when they do that then their blood and their riches are inviolable from your hands but what is justified by law and their reckoning is with Allah.

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ «لَأُعْطِيَنَّ هَذِهِ الرَّايَةَ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ» قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ مَا أَحْبَبْتُ الْإِمَارَةَ إِلَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ وَقَالَ «امْشِ وَلَا تَلْتَفِتْ حَتَّى يَفْتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ» فَسَارَ عَلِيٌّ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ وَقَفَ وَذَكَرَ قُتَيْبَةُ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا فَصَرَخَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَى مَاذَا أُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ؟ قَالَ «قَاتِلْهُمْ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ عَصَمُوا مِنْكَ دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ»

Isḥāq b. Manṣūr > Wahb from my father > Muḥammad b. Abū Yaʿqūb > al-Ḥasan b. Saʿd > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an army and appointed Zaid ibn Harithah as their leader. He said, "If Zaid is killed or martyred, your commander will be Ja'far ibn Abi Talib. And if Ja'far is killed or martyred, your commander will be Abdullah ibn Rawahah." They encountered the enemy, and Zaid took the banner and fought until he was killed. Then Ja'far took the banner and fought until he was killed. Then Abdullah ibn Rawahah took the banner and fought until he was killed. Then Khalid ibn al-Walid took the banner and Allah granted him victory. The news reached the Prophet ﷺ, he came out to the people and praised and thanked Allah. Then he said, "Your brothers met the enemy. Zaid ibn Harithah took the banner and fought until he was killed or martyred. Then Ja'far took the banner and fought until he was killed or martyred. Then Abdullah ibn Rawahah took the banner and fought until he was killed or martyred. Then Saif, from the swords of Allah, Khalid ibn al-Walid, took the banner and Allah granted him victory." He then granted the family of Ja'far three days to mourn their loss. When they came to him, he said, "Do not cry for my brother after today." Then he said, "Pray for the children of my brother and bring them to us as if they are fledglings." He then said, "Bring me the razors," and he commanded them to shave their heads. Then he said, "As for Muhammad, he resembles our father, Abu Talib. And as for Abdullah, he resembles my physical appearance and my character." He then took his hand and raised it, saying, "O Allah, make a successor out of Ja'far for his family, and bless Abdullah in his right-hand transaction three times."

أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَقَالَ إِنْ قُتِلَ زَيْدٌ أَوِ اسْتُشْهِدَ فَأَمِيرُكُمْ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَإِنْ قُتِلَ جَعْفَرٌ أَوِ اسْتُشْهِدَ فَأَمِيرُكُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَلَقُوا الْعَدُوَّ فَأَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ زَيْدٌ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ جَعْفَرُ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَفَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَتَى خَبَرُهُمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى النَّاسِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ لَقُوا الْعَدُوَّ فَأَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ أَوِ اسْتُشْهِدَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ جَعْفَرٌ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ أَوِ اسْتُشْهِدَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ أَوِ اسْتُشْهِدَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ سَيْفٌ مِنْ سُيُوفِ اللهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَفَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَمْهَلَ آلَ جَعْفَرٍ ثَلَاثًا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمْ فَقَالَ «لَا تَبْكُوا عَلَى أَخِي بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «ادْعُوا لِي بَنِي أَخِي فَجِيءَ بِنَا كَأَنَّا أَفْرُخٌ» فَقَالَ «ادْعُوا لِي الْحَلَّاقَ فَأَمَرَهُ فَحَلَقَ رُءُوسَنَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَمَّا مُحَمَّدٌ فَشَبِيهُ عَمِّنَا أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ فَشَبِيهُ خَلْقِي وَخُلُقِي ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي» فَشَالَهَا فَقَالَ «اللهُمَّ اخْلُفْ جَعْفَرًا فِي أَهْلِهِ وَبَارِكْ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ فِي صَفْقَةِ يَمِينِهِ ثَلَاثًا»

Aḥmad b. Sulaymān > ʿAffān > Yazīd b. Zurayʿ > Saʿīd > Qatādah > Anas

That the son of Um-Maktum had a black flag with him for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in some of his visions of the Prophet ﷺ.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ

أَنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ كَانَتْ مَعَهُ رَايَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي بَعْضِ مَشَاهِدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ

Ibn Abū Zāʾidah

Yunus ibn Ubayd, client of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, said that Muhammad ibn al-Qasim sent to al-Bara' ibn Azib to ask him about the standard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: It was black and square, being made of a woollen rug.

وَفِيمَا قَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ §بَعَثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ إِلَى الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ أَسْأَلُهُ

عَنْ رَايَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا كَانَتْ؟ فَقَالَ «كَانَتْ سَوْدَاءَ مُرَبَّعَةً مِنْ نَمِرَةٍ»

Ibrāhīm b. Yaʿqūb > ʿAffān > Salām Abū al-Mundhir > ʿĀṣim > Abū Wāʾil > al-Ḥārith b. Ḥassān

"I entered the mosque and found it crowded with people, and I saw a black banner. I asked, 'What's the matter with the people today?' They replied, 'This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanting to send 'Amr ibn Al-'As on a mission.'"

أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَلَامُ أَبُو الْمُنْذِرِ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ قَالَ

«دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا الْمَسْجِدُ غَاصٌّ بِالنَّاسِ فَإِذَا رَايَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ» قُلْتُ «مَا شَأْنُ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ؟» قَالُوا «هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَجْهًا»

Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > al-Layth > Nāfiʿ > Ibn ʿUmar

'Messenger of Allah ﷺ burnt and cut down the palm trees of Bani An-Nadir which were at Al-Buwair (a place near Medina). There upon Allah revealed: 'What you (O Muslims) cut down of the palm trees (of the enemy) or you left them standing on their stems, it was by the leave of Allah, so that He might cover with shame the rebellious.' (59.5)

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حَرَّقَ نَخْلَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقَطَعَ وَهِيَ الْبُوَيْرَةُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ {مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللهِ وَلِيُخْزِي الْفَاسِقِينَ} [الحشر 5]

ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Khālid > Ḥajjāj > Ibn Jurayj > Mūsá b. ʿUqbah > Nāfiʿ > Ibn ʿUmar

The Prophet ﷺ got the date palm trees of the tribe of Bani-An-Nadir burnt and the trees cut down at a place called Al-Buwaira . Hassan bin Thabit said in a poetic verse: "The chiefs of Bani Lu'ai found it easy to watch fire spreading at Al-Buwaira."

أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ خَالِدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ حَرَّقَ نَخْلَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقَطَعَ وَلَهُ يَقُولُ حَسَّانُ «لَهَانَ عَلَى سَرَاةِ بَنِي لُؤَيٍّ حَرِيقٌ بِالْبُوَيْرَةِ مُسْتَطِيرُ»

al-Ḥasan b. Muḥammad > ʿAffān al-Ṣafār > Ḥafṣ b. Ghiyāth > Ḥabīb b. Abū ʿAmrah > Saʿīd b. Jubayr

"They descended upon them from their fortresses and commanded the cutting of the palm trees, so their hearts were filled with grief. The Muslims said, 'We have cut some and left some, so shall we ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the reward for what we have cut and the responsibility for what we have left?' So Allah, the Most High, revealed, 'What you cut down of the palm trees or left standing on their trunks.'" (Surah Al-Hashr 59:5) Az-Za'farani reported that 'Affan narrated to us with this hadith from 'Abdul-Wahid from Habib, then he returned and narrated it to us from Hafs."

أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَفَّانِ الصَّفَارِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَبِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي §قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا} [الحشر 5] قَالَ اللِّينَةُ النَّخْلَةُ وَلِيُخْزِيَ الْفَاسِقِينَ قَالَ

«اسْتَنْزَلُوهُمْ مِنْ حُصُونِهِمْ وَأَمْرُوا بِقِطْعٍ النَّخْلِ فَحَكَّ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ» فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ «وَقَدْ قَطَعْنَا بَعْضًا وَتَرَكْنَا بَعْضًا فَلَنَسْأَلَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ هَلْ لَنَا فِيمَا قَطَعْنَا مِنْ أَجْرٍ وَمَا عَلَيْنَا فِيمَا تَرَكْنَا مِنْ وِزْرٍ؟» فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً} [الحشر 5] الْآيَةَ قَالَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ كَانَ عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَحَدَّثْنَاهُ عَنْ حَفْصٍ