Sunan Abi Dawood, Book of The Book of Manumission of Slaves

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates a share in his slave, he should completely emancipate him if he has money; but if he has none, then slave will be required to work (to pay for his freedom), but he must not be overburdened.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، - يَعْنِي الْعَطَّارَ - حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شَقِيصًا فِي مَمْلُوكِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ كُلَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ وَإِلاَّ اسْتُسْعِيَ الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " .

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he is to be completely emancipated by his money if he has money. But if he has no money, a fair price for the slave should be fixed, and the slave is required to work for his master according to the proportion of his price, but he must not be overburdened.

Abu Dawud said: In the version of both the narrators the words are "he will be required to work and must not be overburdened". This is the version of 'Ali.

حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ زُرَيْعٍ - ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، - وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ - عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ - أَوْ شَقِيصًا لَهُ - فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَخَلاَصُهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ قُوِّمَ الْعَبْدُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ ثُمَّ اسْتُسْعِيَ لِصَاحِبِهِ فِي قِيمَتِهِ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي حَدِيثِهِمَا جَمِيعًا " فَاسْتُسْعِيَ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " . وَهَذَا لَفْظُ عَلِيٍّ .

The tradition mentioned above by Rawh b. 'Ubadah from Sa'id b. Abu 'Arubah. In this version he did not mention the words "the slave should be required to work." If has also been transmitted by Jarir b. Hazim and Musa b. Khalaf from Qatadah through the chain of Yazid b. Zurai' and to the same effect. In this version they mentioned the words "the slave should be required to work"

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، وَابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، لَمْ يَذْكُرِ السِّعَايَةَ وَرَوَاهُ جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ وَمُوسَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍ وَمَعْنَاهُ وَذَكَرَا فِيهِ السِّعَايَةَ .

'Abd Allah b. 'Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates his share in slave, a fair price for the slave should be fixed, give his partners their shares, and the slave be thus emancipated. Otherwise he is emancipated to the extent of the share which he emancipated.

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةَ الْعَدْلِ فَأَعْطَى شُرَكَاءَهُ حِصَصَهُمْ وَأُعْتِقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Ibn 'Umar to the same effect through a different chain of narrators. Nafi' sometimes said:

He will be emancipated to the extent of the share which he emancipated, and sometimes he did not say these words.

حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلٌ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ نَافِعٌ رُبَّمَا قَالَ
" فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . وَرُبَّمَا لَمْ يَقُلْهُ .

The tradition mentioned above has also been narrated by Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet ﷺ. The narrator Ayyub said:

I do not know whether the following words are part of the tradition of the Prophet ﷺ or Nafi' told them himself: "Otherwise he will be emancipated to the extent of the first man's share."

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ فَلاَ أَدْرِي هُوَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَوْ شَىْءٌ قَالَهُ نَافِعٌ وَإِلاَّ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he should emancipate him completely if he has enough money to pay the full price ; but if he has none, he will be emancipated to the extent of his share.

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ عِتْقُهُ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ عَتَقَ نَصِيبُهُ " .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet ﷺ to the same effect as mentioned by Ibrahim b. Musa through a different chain.

حَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى .

The tradition mentioned above has also been narrated by Ibn 'Umar through a different chain of transmitters to the same effect as mentioned by Malik. In this version there is no mention of the words "otherwise he will be emancipated to the extent of the first man's share." His version ends "and the slave be thus emancipated," to the same effect as he (Malik) mentioned.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَى مَالِكٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ " وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . انْتَهَى حَدِيثُهُ إِلَى " وَأُعْتِقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ " . عَلَى مَعْنَاهُ .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:

If a man emancipates his share in a slave, the rest will be emancipated by his money if he has enough money to pay the full price for him.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا بَقِيَ فِي مَالِهِ إِذَا كَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَ الْعَبْدِ " .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:

If a man is shared by two men, and one of them emancipates his share, a price of the slave will be fixed, not more or less, and he will be emancipated by him in case he is rich.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ
" إِذَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُوسِرًا يُقَوَّمُ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةً لاَ وَكْسَ وَلاَ شَطَطَ ثُمَّ يُعْتَقُ " .

Narrated ath-Thalabb:

On the authority of his father: A man emancipated his share in a slave. The Prophet ﷺ did not put the responsibility on him to emancipate the rest.

Ahmad said: The name Ibn al-Thalabb is to be pronounced with a ta' (and not with tha). As Shu'bah could not pronounce ta, he said tha.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ الْعَنْبَرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ التَّلِبِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَلَمْ يُضَمِّنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ . قَالَ أَحْمَدُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِالتَّاءِ - يَعْنِي التَّلِبَّ - وَكَانَ شُعْبَةُ أَلْثَغَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنِ التَّاءَ مِنَ الثَّاءِ .

Narrated Samurah:

The Prophet ﷺ said: (The narrator Musa said in another place: From Samurah ibn Jundub as presumed by Hammad): If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free. AbuDawud said: A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Samurah from the Prophet ﷺ through a different chain.

Abu Dawud said: Only Hammad b. Salamah has transmitted this tradition and he had doubt in it.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ مُوسَى فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ فِيمَا يَحْسِبُ حَمَّادٌ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
" مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ الْبُرْسَانِيُّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَعَاصِمٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثِ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ يُحَدِّثْ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلاَّ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَقَدْ شَكَّ فِيهِ .

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab:

Qatadah reported Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) as saying: If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الأَنْبَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ .

Qatadah reported 'Umar b. al-Khattab (ra) as saying:

If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ .

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Jabir b. Zaid and al-Hasan through a different chain of narrators.

Abu Dawud said:

The narrator sa'id retained te tradition more carefully than Hammad.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَالْحَسَنِ، مِثْلَهُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ سَعِيدٌ أَحْفَظُ مِنْ حَمَّادٍ .

Narrated Sulamah bint Ma'qil al-Qasiyyah:

My uncle brought me (to Medina) in the pre-Islamic days. He sold me to al-Hubab ibn Amr, brother of AbulYusr ibn Amr. I bore a child, AbdurRahman ibn al-Hubab, to him and he (al-Hubab) then died.

Thereupon his wife said: I swear by Allah, now you will be sold (as a repayment) for his loan.

So I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah! I am a woman of Banu Kharijah Qays ibn Aylan. My uncle had brought me to Medina in pre-Islamic days. He sold me to al-Hubab ibn Amr, brother of AbulYusr ibn Amr. I bore AbdurRahman ibn al-Hubab to him. His wife said: I swear by Allah, you will be sold for his loan.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Who is the guardian of al-Hubab?

He was told: His brother, AbulYusr ibn Amr. He then sent for him and said: Set her free; when you hear that some slaves have been brought to me, came to me, and I shall compensate you for her.

She said: They set me free, and when some slaves were brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he gave them a slave in compensation for me.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ خَطَّابِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، مَوْلَى الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أُمِّهِ، عَنْ سَلاَمَةَ بِنْتِ مَعْقِلٍ، - امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ خَارِجَةِ قَيْسِ عَيْلاَنَ - قَالَتْ قَدِمَ بِي عَمِّي فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَبَاعَنِي مِنَ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَوَلَدْتُ لَهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الْحُبَابِ ثُمَّ هَلَكَ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ الآنَ وَاللَّهِ تُبَاعِينَ فِي دَيْنِهِ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ خَارِجَةِ قَيْسِ عَيْلاَنَ قَدِمَ بِي عَمِّي الْمَدِينَةَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَبَاعَنِي مِنَ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَوَلَدْتُ لَهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الْحُبَابِ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ الآنَ وَاللَّهِ تُبَاعِينَ فِي دَيْنِهِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " مَنْ وَلِيُّ الْحُبَابِ " . قِيلَ أَخُوهُ أَبُو الْيَسَرِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ " أَعْتِقُوهَا فَإِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِرَقِيقٍ قَدِمَ عَلَىَّ فَأْتُونِي أُعَوِّضْكُمْ مِنْهَا " . قَالَتْ فَأَعْتَقُونِي وَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَقِيقٌ فَعَوَّضَهُمْ مِنِّي غُلاَمًا .

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah:

We sold slave-mothers during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and of AbuBakr. When Umar was in power, he forbade us and we stopped.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ بِعْنَا أُمَّهَاتِ الأَوْلاَدِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ نَهَانَا فَانْتَهَيْنَا .

Jabir b. 'Abd Allah said:

A man declared that his slave would be free after his death, but he had no other property. So the Prophet ﷺ ordered (to sell him). He was then sold for seven hundred or nine hundred (dirhams).

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ عَنْ دُبُرٍ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَبِيعَ بِسَبْعِمِائَةٍ أَوْ بِتِسْعِمِائَةٍ .

The tradition mentioned above also has been transmitted by Jabir b. 'Abd Allah through a different chain of narrators. This version added:

The Prophet ﷺ said: You are more entitled to his price, and Allah has no need of it.

حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُسَافِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، بِهَذَا زَادَ وَقَالَ - يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ -
" أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِثَمَنِهِ وَاللَّهُ أَغْنَى عَنْهُ " .

Jabir said:

A man of the Ansar called Abu Madhkur declared that his slave called Ya'qub would be free after his death, but he had no other property. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him and said: Who will buy him ? Nu'aim b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Nahham bought him for eight hundred dirhams. When he handed them over to him, he (Prophet) said: If any of you is poor, he should begin from himself ; if anything is left over, give it to your family; if anything is left over, give it to your relatives ; if anything is left over (when they received something), then here and here.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو مَذْكُورٍ أَعْتَقَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ يَعْقُوبُ عَنْ دُبُرٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَدَعَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ " مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ " . فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ النَّحَّامِ بِثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ " إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِنَفْسِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهَا فَضْلٌ فَعَلَى عِيَالِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهَا فَضْلٌ فَعَلَى ذِي قَرَابَتِهِ " . أَوْ قَالَ " عَلَى ذِي رَحِمِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلاً فَهَا هُنَا وَهَا هُنَا " .

'Imran b. Hussain said:

A man who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of the death. When the Prophet ﷺ was informed about it, he spoke severely of him. He then called them, divided them into three sections, cast lots among them, and emancipated two and kept four in slavery.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ أَعْبُدٍ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلاً شَدِيدًا ثُمَّ دَعَاهُمْ فَجَزَّأَهُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Abu Qilabah through a different chain of narrators on the authority of 'Imran b. Husain to the same effect. But in this version he did not mention "He spoke severely of them."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُخْتَارِ - حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلاً شَدِيدًا .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Abu Qilabah from Abu Zaid through a different chain of narrators to the same effect:

A man of the Ansar ... The Prophet ﷺ said: Had I been present before his burial, he would not have been buried in a Muslim cemetry.

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، - هُوَ الطَّحَّانُ - عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي زَيْدٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَقَالَ - يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ -
" لَوْ شَهِدْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ لَمْ يُدْفَنْ فِي مَقَابِرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " .

'Imran b. Husain said:

A man emancipated six slaved at the time of his death and he had no other property. The Prophet ﷺ was informed about it. He cast lots among them, emancipated two and retained four in slavery.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَتِيقٍ، وَأَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ أَعْبُدٍ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً .

'Abd Allah b. 'Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates a slave who has property, the property of the slave belongs to him except that the master makes a stipulation.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، وَاللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الأَشَجِّ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُ الْعَبْدِ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَهُ السَّيِّدُ " .

Narrated AbuHurayrah:

The Prophet ﷺ said: The child of adultery is worst of the three.

Abu Hurairah said: That I give a flog in the path of Allah (as a charity) is dearer to me than emancipating a child of adultery.

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
" وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلاَثَةِ " . وَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ لأَنْ أُمَتِّعَ بِسَوْطٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَعْتِقَ وَلَدَ زِنْيَةٍ .

Narrated Wathilah ibn al-Asqa:

Al-Arif ibn ad-Daylami said: We went to Wathilah ibn al-Asqa and said to him: Tell us a tradition which has not addition or omission. He became angry and replied: One of you recites when his copy of a Qur'an is hung up in his house, and he makes additions and omissions. We said: All we mean is a tradition you have heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: We went to the Prophet ﷺ about a friend of ours who deserved. Hell for murder. He said: Emancipate a slave on his behalf; Allah will set free from Hell a member of the body for every member of his.

حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ضَمْرَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْلَةَ، عَنِ الْغَرِيفِ بْنِ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ، قَالَ أَتَيْنَا وَاثِلَةَ بْنَ الأَسْقَعِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ حَدِّثْنَا حَدِيثًا، لَيْسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ وَلاَ نُقْصَانٌ فَغَضِبَ وَقَالَ إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَقْرَأُ وَمُصْحَفُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَيَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ . قُلْنَا إِنَّمَا أَرَدْنَا حَدِيثًا سَمِعْتَهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ . قَالَ أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَاحِبٍ لَنَا أَوْجَبَ - يَعْنِي - النَّارَ بِالْقَتْلِ فَقَالَ
" أَعْتِقُوا عَنْهُ يُعْتِقِ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عُضْوًا مِنْهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .

Narrated AbuNajih as-Sulami:

Along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ we besieged the palace of at-Ta'if. The narrator, Mutadh, said: I heard my father (sometimes) say: "Palace of at-Ta'if," and (sometimes) "Fort of at-Ta'if," which are the same.

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: he who causes an arrow to hit its mark in Allah's cause will have it counted as a degree for him (in Paradise). He then transmitted the rest of the tradition.

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If a Muslim man emancipates a Muslim man, Allah, the Exalted, will make every bone of his protection for every bone of his emancipator from Hell; and if a Muslim woman emancipates a Muslim woman, Allah will make every bone of hers protection for every bone of her emancipator from Hell on the Day of Resurrection.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ مَعْدَانَ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ الْيَعْمَرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ السُّلَمِيِّ، قَالَ حَاصَرْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِقَصْرِ الطَّائِفِ - قَالَ مُعَاذٌ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ بِقَصْرِ الطَّائِفِ بِحِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ - فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ " مَنْ بَلَغَ بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَلَهُ دَرَجَةٌ " . وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ وَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ " أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَعْتَقَ رَجُلاً مُسْلِمًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ جَاعِلٌ وِقَاءَ كُلِّ عَظْمٍ مِنْ عِظَامِهِ عَظْمًا مِنْ عِظَامِ مُحَرَّرِهِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَأَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ أَعْتَقَتِ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَاعِلٌ وِقَاءَ كُلِّ عَظْمٍ مِنْ عِظَامِهَا عَظْمًا مِنْ عِظَامِ مُحَرَّرِهَا مِنَ النَّارِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " .

Amr ibn Abasah, said that Marrah ibn Ka'b said:

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If anyone emancipates a Muslim slave, that will be his ransom from Jahannam.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ السِّمْطِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَسَةَ حَدِّثْنَا حَدِيثًا، سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ
" مَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً مُؤْمِنَةً كَانَتْ فِدَاءَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .