Sunan Abu Dawood, Book of Manumission of Slaves

Narrated 'Amr b. Shu'aib:

on his father's authority, told that his grandfather reported the Prophet ﷺ said: A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom is a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَدْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عُتْبَةَ، إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ " الْمُكَاتَبُ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ دِرْهَمٌ " .

Narrated 'Amr b. Shu'aib:

On his father's authority, told that his grandfather reported the Prophet ﷺ said: If any slave entered into an agreement to buy his freedom for one hundred uqiyahs and he pays them all but ten, he remains a slave (until he pays the remaining ten); and if a slave entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom for one hundred dinars, and he pays them all but ten dinars, he remains a slave (until he pays the remaining ten).

Abu Dawud said: This narrator 'Abbas al-Jariri is not the same person. They said: It is misunderstanding. He is some other narrator.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ " أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ كَاتَبَ عَلَى مِائَةِ أُوقِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلاَّ عَشْرَةَ أَوَاقٍ فَهُوَ عَبْدٌ وَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ كَاتَبَ عَلَى مِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلاَّ عَشْرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ فَهُوَ عَبْدٌ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عَبَّاسٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ قَالُوا هُوَ وَهَمٌ وَلَكِنَّهُ هُوَ شَيْخٌ آخَرُ .

Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: If one of you has a slave, and he enters into an agreement to purchase his freedom, and can pay the full price, she must veil herself from him.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ نَبْهَانَ، مُكَاتَبِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ، تَقُولُ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " إِنْ كَانَ لإِحْدَاكُنَّ مُكَاتَبٌ فَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُؤَدِّي فَلْتَحْتَجِبْ مِنْهُ " .

'Urwah quoting from 'Aishah said that Barirah came to her seeking her help to purchase her freedom, and she did not pay anything for her freedom. 'Aishah said to her:
Return to your people ; if you like that I make payment for the purchase of your freedom on your behalf and I shall have the right to inherit from you, I shall do so. Barirah mentioned it to her people, but they refused and said: If she wants to purchase your freedom for reward from Allah, she may do so, but the right to inherit from her shall be ours. She mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Purchase her (freedom) and set her free, for the right of inheritance belongs to only to the one who set a person free. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then stood up and said: If anyone makes a condition which is not in Allah's Book, he has no right to it, even if he stipulates it hundred times. Allah's condition is more valid and binding.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ بَرِيرَةَ جَاءَتْ عَائِشَةَ تَسْتَعِينُهَا فِي كِتَابَتِهَا وَلَمْ تَكُنْ قَضَتْ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ ارْجِعِي إِلَى أَهْلِكِ فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ أَقْضِيَ عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَيَكُونَ وَلاَؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ . فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَرِيرَةُ لأَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا وَقَالُوا إِنْ شَاءَتْ أَنْ تَحْتَسِبَ عَلَيْكِ فَلْتَفْعَلْ وَيَكُونَ لَنَا وَلاَؤُكِ . فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " ابْتَاعِي فَأَعْتِقِي فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " . ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ " مَا بَالُ أُنَاسٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَإِنْ شَرَطَهُ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ شَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ " .

'Aishah said:
Barirah came seeking my help to purchase her freedom. She said: I have arranged with my people to buy my freedom for nine 'uqiyahs: one to be paid annually. So help me. She ('Aishah) said: If your people are willing that I should count them ('uqiyahs) out to them all at one time and set you free and that I shall have the right to inherit from you, I shall do so. She then went to her people. The narrator then transmitted the rest of the tradition like the version of al-Zuhri. He added to the wordings of the Prophet ﷺ in the last: What is the matter with people that one of you says: Set free, O so-and-so, and the right of inheritance belongs to me. The right of inheritance belongs to the one who has set a person free.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، - رضى الله عنها - قَالَتْ جَاءَتْ بَرِيرَةُ لِتَسْتَعِينَ فِي كِتَابَتِهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ فَأَعِينِينِي . فَقَالَتْ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأُعْتِقَكِ وَيَكُونَ وَلاَؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ . فَذَهَبَتْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْوَ الزُّهْرِيِّ زَادَ فِي كَلاَمِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي آخِرِهِ " مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمْ أَعْتِقْ يَا فُلاَنُ وَالْوَلاَءُ لِي إِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " .

Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:

Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith ibn al-Mustaliq, fell to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, or to her cousin. She entered into an agreement to purchase her freedom. She was a very beautiful woman, most attractive to the eye.

Aisha said: She then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him for the purchase of her freedom. When she was standing at the door, I looked at her with disapproval. I realised that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would look at her in the same way that I had looked.

She said: Messenger of Allah, I am Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith, and something has happened to me, which is not hidden from you. I have fallen to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, and I have entered into an agreement to purchase of my freedom. I have come to you to seek assistance for the purchase of my freedom.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Are you inclined to that which is better? She asked: What is that, Messenger of Allah? He replied: I shall pay the price of your freedom on your behalf, and I shall marry you.

She said: I shall do this. She (Aisha) said: The people then heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had married Juwayriyyah. They released the captives in their possession and set them free, and said: They are the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ by marriage. We did not see any woman greater than Juwayriyyah who brought blessings to her people. One hundred families of Banu al-Mustaliq were set free on account of her.

Abu dawud said: This evidence shows that a Muslim ruler may marry a slave woman himself.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبُو الأَصْبَغِ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ - عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، - رضى الله عنها - قَالَتْ وَقَعَتْ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُصْطَلِقِ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ أَوِ ابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ فَكَاتَبَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً مَلاَّحَةً تَأْخُذُهَا الْعَيْنُ - قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رضى الله عنها - فَجَاءَتْ تَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي كِتَابَتِهَا فَلَمَّا قَامَتْ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَرَأَيْتُهَا كَرِهْتُ مَكَانَهَا وَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيَرَى مِنْهَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا لاَ يَخْفَى عَلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي وَقَعْتُ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَإِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَجِئْتُكَ أَسْأَلُكَ فِي كِتَابَتِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " فَهَلْ لَكِ إِلَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ " . قَالَتْ وَمَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ " أُؤَدِّي عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَأَتَزَوَّجُكِ " . قَالَتْ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ قَالَتْ فَتَسَامَعَ - تَعْنِي النَّاسَ - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَ جُوَيْرِيَةَ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِنَ السَّبْىِ فَأَعْتَقُوهُمْ وَقَالُوا أَصْهَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَا رَأَيْنَا امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةً عَلَى قَوْمِهَا مِنْهَا أُعْتِقَ فِي سَبَبِهَا مِائَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا حُجَّةٌ فِي أَنَّ الْوَلِيَّ هُوَ يُزَوِّجُ نَفْسَهُ .

Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin:

Safinah said: I was a slave of Umm Salamah, and she said: I shall emancipate you, but I stipulate that you must serve the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as long as you live. I said: Even if you do not make a stipulation, I shall not leave the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. She then emancipated me and made the stipulation with me.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ، عَنْ سَفِينَةَ، قَالَ كُنْتُ مَمْلُوكًا لأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ أُعْتِقُكَ وَأَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَخْدُمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا عِشْتَ . فَقُلْتُ إِنْ لَمْ تَشْتَرِطِي عَلَىَّ مَا فَارَقْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا عِشْتُ فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي وَاشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَىَّ .

Narrated Abu al-Malih:

On his father's authority (this is AbulWalid's version): A man emancipated a share in a slave and the matter was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: Allah has no partner.

Ibn Kathir added in his version: The Prophet ﷺ allowed his emancipation.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، - الْمَعْنَى - أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ، - قَالَ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ - عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ غُلاَمٍ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ " لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ شَرِيكٌ " . زَادَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِتْقَهُ .

Narrated AbuHurayrah:

A man emancipated his share in a slave. The Prophet ﷺ allowed his (full) emancipation, and required him to pay the rest of his price.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ غُلاَمٍ فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِتْقَهُ وَغَرَّمَهُ بَقِيَّةَ ثَمَنِهِ .

Qatadah narrated with his chain of narrators:
The Prophet ﷺ said: If a man emancipates a slave shared by him with another man, his emancipation rests with him (who emancipated his share). This is the version of Ibn Suwaid.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكًا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ آخَرَ فَعَلَيْهِ خَلاَصُهُ " . وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ سُوَيْدٍ .

Qatadah narrated with his chain of narrators. The Prophet ﷺ said:
If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he emancipates him (completely) by his property if he has property. The narrator Ibn al-Muthanna did not mention al-Nadr b. Anas. This is the version of Ibn Suwaid.

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ح، وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ عَتَقَ مِنْ مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ " . وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى النَّضْرَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ سُوَيْدٍ .

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:
If anyone emancipates a share in his slave, he should completely emancipate him if he has money; but if he has none, then slave will be required to work (to pay for his freedom), but he must not be overburdened.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، - يَعْنِي الْعَطَّارَ - حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شَقِيصًا فِي مَمْلُوكِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ كُلَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ وَإِلاَّ اسْتُسْعِيَ الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " .

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:

If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he is to be completely emancipated by his money if he has money. But if he has no money, a fair price for the slave should be fixed, and the slave is required to work for his master according to the proportion of his price, but he must not be overburdened.

Abu Dawud said: In the version of both the narrators the words are "he will be required to work and must not be overburdened". This is the version of 'Ali.

حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ زُرَيْعٍ - ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، - وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ - عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ - أَوْ شَقِيصًا لَهُ - فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَخَلاَصُهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ قُوِّمَ الْعَبْدُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ ثُمَّ اسْتُسْعِيَ لِصَاحِبِهِ فِي قِيمَتِهِ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي حَدِيثِهِمَا جَمِيعًا " فَاسْتُسْعِيَ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ " . وَهَذَا لَفْظُ عَلِيٍّ .

The tradition mentioned above by Rawh b. 'Ubadah from Sa'id b. Abu 'Arubah. In this version he did not mention the words "the slave should be required to work." If has also been transmitted by Jarir b. Hazim and Musa b. Khalaf from Qatadah through the chain of Yazid b. Zurai' and to the same effect. In this version they mentioned the words "the slave should be required to work"

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، وَابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، لَمْ يَذْكُرِ السِّعَايَةَ وَرَوَاهُ جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ وَمُوسَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍ وَمَعْنَاهُ وَذَكَرَا فِيهِ السِّعَايَةَ .

'Abd Allah b. 'Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:
If anyone emancipates his share in slave, a fair price for the slave should be fixed, give his partners their shares, and the slave be thus emancipated. Otherwise he is emancipated to the extent of the share which he emancipated.

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةَ الْعَدْلِ فَأَعْطَى شُرَكَاءَهُ حِصَصَهُمْ وَأُعْتِقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Ibn 'Umar to the same effect through a different chain of narrators. Nafi' sometimes said:
He will be emancipated to the extent of the share which he emancipated, and sometimes he did not say these words.

حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلٌ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ نَافِعٌ رُبَّمَا قَالَ " فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . وَرُبَّمَا لَمْ يَقُلْهُ .

The tradition mentioned above has also been narrated by Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet ﷺ. The narrator Ayyub said:
I do not know whether the following words are part of the tradition of the Prophet ﷺ or Nafi' told them himself: "Otherwise he will be emancipated to the extent of the first man's share."

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ فَلاَ أَدْرِي هُوَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَوْ شَىْءٌ قَالَهُ نَافِعٌ وَإِلاَّ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying:
If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he should emancipate him completely if he has enough money to pay the full price ; but if he has none, he will be emancipated to the extent of his share.

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ عِتْقُهُ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ عَتَقَ نَصِيبُهُ " .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet ﷺ to the same effect as mentioned by Ibrahim b. Musa through a different chain.

حَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى .

The tradition mentioned above has also been narrated by Ibn 'Umar through a different chain of transmitters to the same effect as mentioned by Malik. In this version there is no mention of the words "otherwise he will be emancipated to the extent of the first man's share." His version ends "and the slave be thus emancipated," to the same effect as he (Malik) mentioned.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَى مَالِكٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ " وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ " . انْتَهَى حَدِيثُهُ إِلَى " وَأُعْتِقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ " . عَلَى مَعْنَاهُ .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:
If a man emancipates his share in a slave, the rest will be emancipated by his money if he has enough money to pay the full price for him.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا بَقِيَ فِي مَالِهِ إِذَا كَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَ الْعَبْدِ " .

Ibn 'Umar reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying:
If a man is shared by two men, and one of them emancipates his share, a price of the slave will be fixed, not more or less, and he will be emancipated by him in case he is rich.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ " إِذَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُوسِرًا يُقَوَّمُ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةً لاَ وَكْسَ وَلاَ شَطَطَ ثُمَّ يُعْتَقُ " .

Narrated ath-Thalabb:

On the authority of his father: A man emancipated his share in a slave. The Prophet ﷺ did not put the responsibility on him to emancipate the rest.

Ahmad said: The name Ibn al-Thalabb is to be pronounced with a ta' (and not with tha). As Shu'bah could not pronounce ta, he said tha.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ الْعَنْبَرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ التَّلِبِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَلَمْ يُضَمِّنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ . قَالَ أَحْمَدُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِالتَّاءِ - يَعْنِي التَّلِبَّ - وَكَانَ شُعْبَةُ أَلْثَغَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنِ التَّاءَ مِنَ الثَّاءِ .

Narrated Samurah:

The Prophet ﷺ said: (The narrator Musa said in another place: From Samurah ibn Jundub as presumed by Hammad): If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free. AbuDawud said: A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Samurah from the Prophet ﷺ through a different chain.

Abu Dawud said: Only Hammad b. Salamah has transmitted this tradition and he had doubt in it.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ مُوسَى فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ فِيمَا يَحْسِبُ حَمَّادٌ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ الْبُرْسَانِيُّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَعَاصِمٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثِ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ يُحَدِّثْ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلاَّ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَقَدْ شَكَّ فِيهِ .

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab:

Qatadah reported Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) as saying: If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الأَنْبَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ .

Qatadah reported 'Umar b. al-Khattab (ra) as saying:
If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ مَنْ مَلَكَ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ .

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Jabir b. Zaid and al-Hasan through a different chain of narrators.

Abu Dawud said:

The narrator sa'id retained te tradition more carefully than Hammad.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَالْحَسَنِ، مِثْلَهُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ سَعِيدٌ أَحْفَظُ مِنْ حَمَّادٍ .

Narrated Sulamah bint Ma'qil al-Qasiyyah:

My uncle brought me (to Medina) in the pre-Islamic days. He sold me to al-Hubab ibn Amr, brother of AbulYusr ibn Amr. I bore a child, AbdurRahman ibn al-Hubab, to him and he (al-Hubab) then died.

Thereupon his wife said: I swear by Allah, now you will be sold (as a repayment) for his loan.

So I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah! I am a woman of Banu Kharijah Qays ibn Aylan. My uncle had brought me to Medina in pre-Islamic days. He sold me to al-Hubab ibn Amr, brother of AbulYusr ibn Amr. I bore AbdurRahman ibn al-Hubab to him. His wife said: I swear by Allah, you will be sold for his loan.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Who is the guardian of al-Hubab?

He was told: His brother, AbulYusr ibn Amr. He then sent for him and said: Set her free; when you hear that some slaves have been brought to me, came to me, and I shall compensate you for her.

She said: They set me free, and when some slaves were brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he gave them a slave in compensation for me.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ خَطَّابِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، مَوْلَى الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أُمِّهِ، عَنْ سَلاَمَةَ بِنْتِ مَعْقِلٍ، - امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ خَارِجَةِ قَيْسِ عَيْلاَنَ - قَالَتْ قَدِمَ بِي عَمِّي فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَبَاعَنِي مِنَ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَوَلَدْتُ لَهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الْحُبَابِ ثُمَّ هَلَكَ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ الآنَ وَاللَّهِ تُبَاعِينَ فِي دَيْنِهِ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ خَارِجَةِ قَيْسِ عَيْلاَنَ قَدِمَ بِي عَمِّي الْمَدِينَةَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَبَاعَنِي مِنَ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَوَلَدْتُ لَهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الْحُبَابِ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ الآنَ وَاللَّهِ تُبَاعِينَ فِي دَيْنِهِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " مَنْ وَلِيُّ الْحُبَابِ " . قِيلَ أَخُوهُ أَبُو الْيَسَرِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ " أَعْتِقُوهَا فَإِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِرَقِيقٍ قَدِمَ عَلَىَّ فَأْتُونِي أُعَوِّضْكُمْ مِنْهَا " . قَالَتْ فَأَعْتَقُونِي وَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَقِيقٌ فَعَوَّضَهُمْ مِنِّي غُلاَمًا .

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah:

We sold slave-mothers during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and of AbuBakr. When Umar was in power, he forbade us and we stopped.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ بِعْنَا أُمَّهَاتِ الأَوْلاَدِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ نَهَانَا فَانْتَهَيْنَا .

Jabir b. 'Abd Allah said:
A man declared that his slave would be free after his death, but he had no other property. So the Prophet ﷺ ordered (to sell him). He was then sold for seven hundred or nine hundred (dirhams).

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَعْتَقَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ عَنْ دُبُرٍ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَبِيعَ بِسَبْعِمِائَةٍ أَوْ بِتِسْعِمِائَةٍ .