Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
The Prophet ﷺ said, "It is obligatory upon a Muslim to listen (to the ruler) and obey whether he likes it or not, except when he is ordered to do a sinful thing; in such case, there is no obligation to listen or to obey."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما عن النبى ﷺ قال: “على المرء المسلم السمع والطاعة فيما أحب وكره، إلا أن يؤمر بمعصية، فإذا أمر بمعصية فلا سمع ولا طاعة” ((متفق عليه))

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Whenever we took a pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah ﷺ to hear and obey, he ﷺ would say to us, "As far as you are capable of."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعنه قال: كنا إذا بايعنا رسول الله ﷺ على السمع والطاعة يقول لنا: “فيما استطعتم” ((متفق عليه))

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "One who withdraws his hand from obedience (to the Amir) will find no argument (in his defense) when he stands before Allah on the Day of Resurrection; and one who dies without having sworn allegiance will die the death of one belonging to the Days of Ignorance."

[Muslim].

Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He who dies having defected from obedience (to the Amir) and discards his association with the main body of the (Muslim) community, dies the death of one belonging to the Days of Jahiliyyah."

وعنه قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول “من خلع يداً من طاعة لقي الله يوم القيامة ولا حجة له، ومن مات وليس في عنقه بيعة مات ميتة جاهلية” ((رواه مسلم)). وفي رواية له: “ومن مات وهو مفارق للجماعة، فإنه يموت ميتة جاهلية” ((رواه مسلم)).وفي رواية له: “ومن مات وهو مفارق للجماعة، فإنه يموت ميتة جاهلية”.

Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Hear and obey even if an Abyssinian slave whose head is like a raisin is placed in authority over you."

[Al-Bukhari].

وعن أنس رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ “اسمعوا وأطيعوا، وإن استعمل عليكم عبد حبشي، كأن رأسه زبيبة” ((رواه البخارى)).

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "It is obligatory upon you to listen and obey the orders of the ruler in prosperity and adversity, whether you are willing or unwilling, or when someone is given undue preference to you."

[Muslim].

وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ “عليك السمع والطاعة في عسرك ويسرك ومنشطك، ومكرهك وأثرة عليك” ((رواه مسلم)).

'Abdullah bin 'Amr (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
We accompanied Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a journey. We halted at a place to take a rest. Some of us began to set right their tents, others began to graze their animals while others were engaged in competing with one another in archery when an announcer of Messenger of Allah ﷺ announced that people should gather for Salat. We gathered around the Messenger of Allah and he ﷺ addressed us, saying, "Every Prophet before me was under obligation to guide his followers to what he knew was good for them and to warn the evil thing which he knew. As for this Ummah, it will have sound state and in its early stage of existence; but the last phase of its existence, will be faced with trials and with things you do not recognize. There will be tremendous trials, one after the other, and to each the believer will say, 'That is it'. Whenever a trial arrives the believer will say: 'This is going to bring about my destruction.' When this passes, another calamity will approach and he will say: 'This surely is going to be my end.' Whosoever wishes to be removed from the Fire (Hell) and admitted to Jannah should die with faith in Allah and the Last Day; and he should treat others as he wishes to be treated. He who swears allegiance to an Imam, he should give him the pledge in ratification and the sincerity of his heart. He should obey him to the best of his capacity. If another man comes forward as a claimant (when one has already been installed), behead the second."

[Muslim].

وعن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما قال: كنا مع رسول الله ﷺ في سفر، فنزلنا منزلاً، فمنا من يصلح خباءه، ومنا من ينتضل، ومنا من هو في جشره، إذ نادى منادي رسول الله ﷺ الصلاة جامعة. فاجتمعنا إلى رسول الله ﷺ فقال: “إنه لم يكن نبي قبلي إلا كان حقاً عليه أن يدل أمته على خير ما يعلمه لهم، وينذرهم شر ما يعلمه لهم، وإن أمتكم هذه جعل عاقبتها في أولها، وسيصيب آخرها بلاء وأمور تنكرونها، وتجئ فتن يرقق بعضها بعضاً، وتجئ الفتنة فيقول المؤمن : هذه مهلكتي، ثم تنكشف؛ وتجئ الفتنة فيقول المؤمن: هذه هذه، فمن أحب أن يزحزح عن النار، ويدخل الجنة، فلتأته منيته وهو يؤمن بالله واليوم الأخر، وليأت إلى الناس الذى يحب أن يؤتى إليه. ومن بايع إماماً فأعطاه صفقة يده، وثمرة قلبه، فليطعه إن استطاع، فإن جاء آخر ينازعه، فاضربوا عنق الآخر” ((رواه مسلم))..قوله: “ينتضل” أى : يسابق بالرمي بالنبل والنشاب. “والجشر” بفتح الجيم والشين المعجمة وبالراء: وهى الدواب التى ترعى وتبيت مكانها. وقوله: “يرقق بعضها بعضاً” أى: يصير بعضها بعضا رقيقاً، أى :خفيفاً لعظم ما بعده، فالثانى يرقق الأول. وقيل: معناه، يشوق بعضها إلى بعض بتحسينها وتسويليها، وقيل: يشبه بعضها بعضاً.

Wa'il bin Hujr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Salamah bin Yazid Al-Ju'f (May Allah be pleased with him) asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ: "O Prophet of Allah! Tell us, what you command us to do if there arises over us rulers who demand of us what is due to them and refuse us what is due to us." Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from him, but he repeated the same question. Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Listen to them and obey them. They are responsible for their obligations and you are accountable for yours."

[Muslim].

وعن أبى هنيدة وائل بن حجر رضي الله عنه قال: سأل سلمة بن يزيد الجعفي رسول الله ﷺ ، فقال: يا نبي الله، أرأيت إن قامت علينا امراء يسألونا حقهم، ويمنعونا حقنا، فما تأمرنا؟ فأعرض عنه، ثم سأله، فقال رسول الله ﷺ “اسمعوا وأطيعو؛ فإنما عليهما حملوا، وعليكم ماحملتم” ((رواه مسلم)).

'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There will be discrimination after my death and there will be other matters that you will disapprove." He was asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What do you command us to do when we are encountered with such happenings?" He answered, "Give what is due from you and supplicate to Allah for your rights."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعن عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ : “إنها ستكون بعدى أثرة، وأمور تنكرونها!” قالوا: يا رسول الله، كيف تأمر من أدرك منا ذلك؟ قال: “تؤدون الحق الذى عليكم، وتسألون الله الذى لكم” ((متفق عليه)) .

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whosoever obeys me, obeys Allah; and he who disobeys me, disobeys Allah; and whosoever obeys the Amir (leader), in fact, obeys me; and he who disobeys the Amir, in fact, disobeys me."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: “من أطاعني فقد أطاع الله، ومن عصاني فقد عصى الله، ومن يطع الأمير فقد أطاعني، ومن يعص الأمير فقد عصاني” ((متفق عليه)) .

Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If a person notices in his ruler what he dislikes, he should show patience because he who departs from the (Muslim) community a cubit, dies like those who died in the Days of Ignorance."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: “من كره من أميره شيئاً فليصبر، فإنه من خرج من السلطان شبراً مات ميتة جاهلية” ((متفق عليه)) .