Comparing an ambiguous situation to a clear well-defined one
بَابُ مَنْ شَبَّهَ أَصْلاً مَعْلُومًا بِأَصْلٍ مُبَيَّنٍ قَدْ بَيَّنَ اللَّهُ حُكْمَهُمَا، لِيُفْهِمَ السَّائِلَ
Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Holding Fast to the Qur'an and Sunnah(view book)
Narrated Abu Huraira:
A bedouin came to Allah's Apostle and said, "My wife has delivered a black boy, and I suspect that he is not my child." Allah's Apostle ﷺ said to him, "Have you got camels?" The bedouin said, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "What color are they?" The bedouin said, "They are red." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Are any of them Grey?" He said, "There are Grey ones among them." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whence do you think this color came to them?" The bedouin said, "O Allah's Apostle! It resulted from hereditary disposition." The Prophet ﷺ said, "And this (i.e., your child) has inherited his color from his ancestors." The Prophet did not allow him to deny his paternity of the child.
حَدَّثَنَا أَصْبَغُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا، أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي وَلَدَتْ غُلاَمًا أَسْوَدَ، وَإِنِّي أَنْكَرْتُهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ إِبِلٍ ". قَالَ نَعَمْ. قَالَ " فَمَا أَلْوَانُهَا ". قَالَ حُمْرٌ. قَالَ " هَلْ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوْرَقَ ". قَالَ إِنَّ فِيهَا لَوُرْقًا. قَالَ " فَأَنَّى تُرَى ذَلِكَ جَاءَهَا ". قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عِرْقٌ نَزَعَهَا. قَالَ " وَلَعَلَّ هَذَا عِرْقٌ نَزَعَهُ ". وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي الاِنْتِفَاءِ مِنْهُ.
Classification
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
A woman came to the Prophet and said, "My mother vowed to perform the Hajj but she died before performing it. Should I perform the Hajj on her behalf?" He said, "Yes! Perform the Hajj on her behalf. See, if your mother had been in debt, would you have paid her debt?" She said, "Yes." He said, "So you should pay what is for Him as Allah has more right that one should fulfill one's obligations to Him. "
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً، جَاءَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أُمِّي نَذَرَتْ أَنْ تَحُجَّ فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحُجَّ أَفَأَحُجَّ عَنْهَا قَالَ " نَعَمْ حُجِّي عَنْهَا، أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكِ دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ قَاضِيَتَهُ ". قَالَتْ نَعَمْ. فَقَالَ " فَاقْضُوا الَّذِي لَهُ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَفَاءِ ".