Being dutiful to the closest relative and then the next
بَابُ بِرِّ الأَقْرَبِ فَالأَقْرَبِ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, Book of Ties of Kinship(view book)
It is reported that al-Miqdam ibn Ma'dikarib heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Allah enjoins you to be dutiful to your mothers. Then He enjoins you to be dutiful to your mothers. Then He enjoins you to be dutiful to your fathers. Then He enjoins you to be dutiful to your next closest relative and then to your next closest relative."
حَدَّثَنَا حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، عَنْ بَحِيرٍ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُوصِيكُمْ بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ، ثُمَّ يُوصِيكُمْ بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ، ثُمَّ يُوصِيكُمْ بِآبَائِكُمْ، ثُمَّ يُوصِيكُمْ بِالأَقْرَبِ فَالأَقْرَبِ.
Classification
Abu Ayyub Sulayman, the mawla of 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, said, "Abu Hurayra came to us on a Thursday evening, the night before Jumu'a. He said, 'Every individual who severs ties of kinship is constricted when he leaves us. No one left until he had said that three times. Then a young man went to one of his paternal aunts with whom he had severed ties two years previously. He went to her and she asked him, 'Nephew! What has brought you?' He replied, 'I heard Abu Hurayra say such-and-such.' She said, 'Go back to him and ask him why he said that.' Abu Hurayra said, 'I heard the Prophet ﷺ say, "The actions of the children of Adam are presented before Allah Almighty on Thursday evening, the night before Jumu'a. He does not accept the actions of someone who has severed ties of kinship."'"
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْخَزْرَجُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ أَبُو الْخَطَّابِ السَّعْدِيُّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَيُّوبَ سُلَيْمَانُ مَوْلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ قَالَ: جَاءَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ: أُحَرِّجُ عَلَى كُلِّ قَاطِعِ رَحِمٍ لَمَا قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِنَا، فَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى قَالَ ثَلاَثًا، فَأَتَى فَتًى عَمَّةً لَهُ قَدْ صَرَمَهَا مُنْذُ سَنَتَيْنِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، مَا جَاءَ بِكَ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا، قَالَتِ: ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَسَلْهُ: لِمَ قَالَ ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ أَعْمَالَ بَنِي آدَمَ تُعْرَضُ عَلَى اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عَشِيَّةَ كُلِّ خَمِيسٍ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ، فَلاَ يَقْبَلُ عَمَلَ قَاطِعِ رَحِمٍ.
Classification
Ibn 'Umar said, "Nothing that a man spends on himself and his family, anticipating a reward from Allah, will fail to be rewarded by Allah Almighty. He should begin with those whose support is his responsibility. If there is something left over, he should spend it on his next nearest relative and then the next nearest. If there is still something left over, he can give it away."
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ، عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ: مَا أَنْفَقَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَهْلِهِ يَحْتَسِبُهَا إِلاَّ آجَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهَا، وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلاً فَالأَقْرَبَ الأَقْرَبَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلاً فَنَاوِلْ.