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The prohibition of selling fresh dates in exchange for dry dates except in the case of 'Araya

باب تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِ الرُّطَبِ بِالتَّمْرِ إِلاَّ فِي الْعَرَايَا

Sahih Muslim, Book of The Book of Transactions(view book)

Sa'id b. al-Musayyib said that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the transaction of Af Muzabana and Muhaqala. Muzabana means that fresh dates on the trees should be sold against dry dates. Muhaqala implies that the wheat in the ear should be sold against the wheat and getting the land on rent for the wheat (produced in it). He (the narrator) said that Prophet ﷺ had aid: Do not sell fresh fruits on the trees until their good condition becomes manifest, and do not sell fresh dates on the trees against dry dates. Salim said: Abdullah informed me on the authority of Zaid b. Thabit, Messenger of Allah ﷺ having given concession afterwards in case of ariyya transactions by which dry dates can be exchanged with fresh dates, but he did not permit it in other cases.

وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حُجَيْنُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ ثَمَرُ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ الزَّرْعُ بِالْقَمْحِ وَاسْتِكْرَاءُ الأَرْضِ بِالْقَمْحِ . قَالَ وَأَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ " لاَ تَبْتَاعُوا الثَّمَرَ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهُ وَلاَ تَبْتَاعُوا الثَّمَرَ بِالتَّمْرِ " . وَقَالَ سَالِمٌ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ بِالرُّطَبِ أَوْ بِالتَّمْرِ وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) having given concession in case of 'ariyya for selling dry dates (with) fresh dates after measuring them out.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ، بْنِ ثَابِتٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ لِصَاحِبِ الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا بِخَرْصِهَا مِنَ التَّمْرِ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Zaid b. Thabit reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ give concession in case of 'ariyya transactions according to which the members of the household give dry dates according to a measure and then eat fresh dates (in exchange for it)

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعٌ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ يَأْخُذُهَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Nafi' with the same chain of transmitters.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعٌ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Yahya b. Sa'id reported this hadith with the same chain of transmitters but with this change: 'Ariyya implies that date-palm trees should be donated to the people and then they sell it with a measure of dry dates.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَالْعَرِيَّةُ النَّخْلَةُ تُجْعَلُ لِلْقَوْمِ فَيَبِيعُونَهَا بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Zaid b Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave concession in case of al-'ariyya transactions (for exchanging dates) for dates with measure. Yahya said: 'Ariyya implies that a person should buy fresh dates on the tree for his family to eat against a measure of dry dates.

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحِ بْنِ الْمُهَاجِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنِي زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا . قَالَ يَحْيَى الْعَرِيَّةُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ ثَمَرَ النَّخَلاَتِ لِطَعَامِ أَهْلِهِ رُطَبًا بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ granting concession in case of 'ariyya transactions and that implies selling of (dry dates for fresh dates) according to a measure.

وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا كَيْلاً .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Ubaidullah reported this hadith with a slight change of words on the same authority (as quoted above).

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالَ أَنْ تُؤْخَذَ بِخَرْصِهَا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Nafi, reported this hadith with the same chain of transmitters stating that Allah's Messengtr ﷺ granted concession in case of 'ariyya transactions (for exchange of the same commodity) with measure.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، وَأَبُو كَامِلٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنِيهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Bashair b. Yasir reported on the authority of some of the Companions of Messenger of Allah ﷺ among the members of his family among whom one was Sahl b. Abu Hathma that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade buying of fresh dates against dry dates and that it is Riba and this is Muzabana, but he made an exemption of 'ariyya (donations) of a tree or two in which case the members of a family sell dry dates and buy fresh dates for eating them.

وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ بِلاَلٍ - عَنْ يَحْيَى، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَعِيدٍ - عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ، أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَقَالَ " ذَلِكَ الرِّبَا تِلْكَ الْمُزَابَنَةُ " . إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ النَّخْلَةِ وَالنَّخْلَتَيْنِ يَأْخُذُهَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Bushair b. Yasar reported on the authority of some of the Companion of Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he exempted the transactions, of 'ariyya (from the direct exchange of one kind) after measuring the dry dates (in exchange for fresh dates).

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَصْحَابِ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا رَخَّصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Bushair b. Yasir reported on the authority of some of the Companions of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon hinn) from among the members of his family that he forbade (the direct exchange of a commodity having different qualities) but with the change that Ishaq and Ibn al-Muthanna used the word Zabn in place ot Riba and Ibn Abu 'Umar used the word Riba (interest).

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، جَمِيعًا عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرَنِي بُشَيْرُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ، أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى . فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلاَلٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى غَيْرَ أَنَّ إِسْحَاقَ وَابْنَ الْمُثَنَّى جَعَلاَ مَكَانَ الرِّبَا الزَّبْنَ وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الرِّبَا .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Sahl b. Abu Hathma.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، وَابْنُ، نُمَيْرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ، سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِمْ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Sahl b. Abu Hathma reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Muzabana, i. e. exchange of fresh dates with dry dates. except in case of those to whom donations of some trees have been made. It is for them that concession has been given.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَحَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ، بْنِ كَثِيرٍ حَدَّثَنِي بُشَيْرُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، مَوْلَى بَنِي حَارِثَةَ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ، وَسَهْلَ بْنَ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، حَدَّثَاهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ إِلاَّ أَصْحَابَ الْعَرَايَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَذِنَ لَهُمْ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having given exemption of 'ariyya transactions measuring less than five wasqs or up to five wasqs (the narrator Dawud is in doubt whether it was five or less than five).

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ قَعْنَبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - قَالَ قُلْتُ لِمَالِكٍ حَدَّثَكَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، - مَوْلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ - عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ فِي خَمْسَةِ - يَشُكُّ دَاوُدُ قَالَ خَمْسَةٌ أَوْ دُونَ خَمْسَةٍ - قَالَ نَعَمْ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased them) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Muzabana, and Muzabana implies the selling of fresh dates for dry dates by measuring them out and the selling of raisins by measure for grapes.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِيُّ، قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلاً .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

'Abdullah (b. Umar) reported that Allah's Apostle ﷺ forbade Muzabana, i. e. buying of fresh dates (on) the trees for dry dates by measure, and the buying of grapes for raisins by measure and the selling of field of corn for corn by measure.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ، بِشْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعِ الزَّرْعِ بِالْحِنْطَةِ كَيْلاً .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah with the same chain of transmitters.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ.

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Muzabana, and Muzabana is the selling of dry dates by measure for fresh dates and the selling of raisins by measure for grapes and selling of all Ports of fruits on the basis of calculation.

حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ، وَهَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعُ الزَّبِيبِ بِالْعِنَبِ كَيْلاً وَعَنْ كُلِّ ثَمَرٍ بِخَرْصِهِ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Muzabana, and Muzabana implies the selling of dry dates for fresh dates on the tree with a definite measure (making it clear) that in case it increases, it belongs to me and if it is less, it is my responsibility.

حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ مَا فِي رُءُوسِ النَّخْلِ بِتَمْرٍ بِكَيْلٍ مُسَمًّى إِنْ زَادَ فَلِي وَإِنْ نَقَصَ فَعَلَىَّ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Ayyub.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، وَأَبُو كَامِلٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ .

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)

Abdullah (b. Umar) (Allah be pleased with them) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Mazabana, and it implies that one should sell the fresh fruits of his orchard (for dry fruits) or, if it is fresh dates, for dry dates with a measure, or if it is grapes for raisins or if it is corn in the field for dry corn with a measure He (the Holy Prophet) in fact forbade all such transactions. Qutaiba has narrated it with a slight variation of words. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Nafi with another chain of transmitters.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ ثَمَرَ حَائِطِهِ إِنْ كَانَتْ نَخْلاً بِتَمْرٍ كَيْلاً وَإِنْ كَانَ كَرْمًا أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِزَبِيبٍ كَيْلاً وَإِنْ كَانَ زَرْعًا أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِكَيْلِ طَعَامٍ . نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ . وَفِي رِوَايَةِ قُتَيْبَةَ أَوْ كَانَ زَرْعًا.

Classification

Sahih (Authentic)