Fasting the day of `Ashura’

It was narrated that ‘Aishah said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast ‘Ashura’, and he ordered (others) to fast it too.”

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَأْمُرُ بِصِيَامِهِ .

It was narrated that Ibn ‘Abbas said:
“The Prophet ﷺ came to Al- Madinah, and he found the Jews observing a fast. He said: ‘What is this?’ They said: ‘This is the day when Allah saved Musa and drowned Pharaoh, so Musa fasted this day in gratitude.’ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘We have more right to Musa than you do.’ So he fasted (that day) and enjoined (others) to fast it also.’”

حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ صُيَّامًا فَقَالَ " مَا هَذَا " . قَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ أَنْجَى اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى وَأَغْرَقَ فِيهِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَصَامَهُ مُوسَى شُكْرًا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ " . فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ .

It was narrated from Muhammad bin Saifi that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us on the Day of ‘Ashura’:
“Has anyone among you eaten today?” We said: “Some of us have eaten and some of us have not.” He said: “Complete the rest of your day (i.e., do not eat for the rest of the day), whoever has eaten and whoever has not eaten. And send word to the people of the suburbs to complete the rest of their day.” He was referring to the people of the suburbs around Al-Madinah.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ، قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ " مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ طَعِمَ الْيَوْمَ " . قُلْنَا مِنَّا طَعِمَ وَمِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْ . قَالَ " فَأَتِمُّوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِكُمْ مَنْ كَانَ طَعِمَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْ فَأَرْسِلُوا إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعَرُوضِ فَلْيُتِمُّوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِمْ " . قَالَ يَعْنِي أَهْلَ الْعَرُوضِ حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ .

It was narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“If I live until next year, I will fast the ninth day (of Muharram) too.”

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " لَئِنْ بَقِيتُ إِلَى قَابِلٍ لأَصُومَنَّ الْيَوْمَ التَّاسِعَ " .

It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar that the Day of ‘Ashura’ was mentioned in the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“That was a day when the people of the Ignorance used to fast. So whoever among you wants to fast may do so, and whoever does not want to may leave it.”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّهُ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ " كَانَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَرِهَهُ فَلْيَدَعْهُ " .