Regarding Liability For Something Borrowed

Narrated Samurah:
The Prophet ﷺ as saying: The hand which takes is responsible till it pays. Then al-Hasan forgot and said: (If you give something on loan to a man), he is your depositor ; there is no compensation (for it) on him.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ " عَلَى الْيَدِ مَا أَخَذَتْ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَ " . ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ نَسِيَ فَقَالَ هُوَ أَمِينُكَ لاَ ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِ .

Narrated Safwan ibn Umayyah:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed coats of mail from him on the day of (the battle of) Hunayn. He asked: Are you taking them by force. Muhammad? He replied: No, it is a loan with a guarantee of their return.

Abu Dawud said: This tradition narrated by Yazid (b. Harun) at Baghdad. There is some change in the tradition narrated by him at Wasit, which is something different.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَسَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ أَدْرَاعًا يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَقَالَ أَغَصْبٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ " لاَ بَلْ عَارِيَةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَهَذِهِ رِوَايَةُ يَزِيدَ بِبَغْدَادَ وَفِي رِوَايَتِهِ بِوَاسِطَ تَغَيُّرٌ عَلَى غَيْرِ هَذَا .

Narrated Some people:

AbdulAziz ibn Rufay' narrated on the authority of some people from the descendants of Abdullah ibn Safwan who reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Have you weapons, Safwan? He asked: On loan or by force? He replied: No, but on loan. So he lent him coats of mail numbering between thirty and forty! The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought the battle of Hunayn. When the polytheists were defeated, the coats of mail of Safwan were collected. Some of them were lost. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Safwan: We have lost some coats of mail from your coats of mail. Should we pay compensation to you? He replied: No. Messenger of Allah, for I have in my heart today what I did not have that day.

Abu Dawud said: He lent him before embracing Islam. Then he embraced Islam.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ أُنَاسٍ، مِنْ آلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صَفْوَانَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ " يَا صَفْوَانُ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ سِلاَحٍ " . قَالَ عَارِيَةً أَمْ غَصْبًا قَالَ " لاَ بَلْ عَارِيَةً " . فَأَعَارَهُ مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلاَثِينَ إِلَى الأَرْبَعِينَ دِرْعًا وَغَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حُنَيْنًا فَلَمَّا هُزِمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ جُمِعَتْ دُرُوعُ صَفْوَانَ فَفَقَدَ مِنْهَا أَدْرَاعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِصَفْوَانَ " إِنَّا قَدْ فَقَدْنَا مِنْ أَدْرَاعِكَ أَدْرَاعًا فَهَلْ نَغْرَمُ لَكَ " . قَالَ لاَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لأَنَّ فِي قَلْبِي الْيَوْمَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَكَانَ أَعَارَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ .

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by 'Ata from some people of the descendants of Safwan saying:
The Prophet ﷺ borrowed. He then transmitted the rest of the tradition to the same effect.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ نَاسٍ، مِنْ آلِ صَفْوَانَ قَالَ اسْتَعَارَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ .

Narrated AbuUmamah:

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Said: Allah , Most Exalted, has appointed for everyone who has a right what is due to him, and no will be made to an heir, and a woman should not spend anything from her house except with the permission of her husband. He was asked: Even foodgrain, Messenger of Allah? He replied: That is the best of our property. He then said: A loan must be paid back, a she-camel lent for a time for milking must be returned, a debt must be discharged, one who stands surety is held responsible.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ الْحَوْطِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ وَلاَ تُنْفِقُ الْمَرْأَةُ شَيْئًا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا " . فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ الطَّعَامَ قَالَ " ذَاكَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْوَالِنَا " . ثُمَّ قَالَ " الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالْمِنْحَةُ مَرْدُودَةٌ وَالدَّيْنُ مَقْضِيٌّ وَالزَّعِيمُ غَارِمٌ " .